Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media
A thiourea hexamethylene diisocyanate covalent organic framework (TH COF) was synthesized by adjusting the surface charge and surface area. The surface charge value of TH COF, −3.8 ± 0.5 mV, can be changed to −29.1 ± 0.4 mV by treatment with NaOH (dp-TH) and 17.1 ± 1.0 mV by treatment with HCl (p-TH...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/6/938 |
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| author | Selin S. Suner Sahin Demirci Duygu S. Sutekin Selehattin Yilmaz Nurettin Sahiner |
| author_facet | Selin S. Suner Sahin Demirci Duygu S. Sutekin Selehattin Yilmaz Nurettin Sahiner |
| author_sort | Selin S. Suner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A thiourea hexamethylene diisocyanate covalent organic framework (TH COF) was synthesized by adjusting the surface charge and surface area. The surface charge value of TH COF, −3.8 ± 0.5 mV, can be changed to −29.1 ± 0.4 mV by treatment with NaOH (dp-TH) and 17.1 ± 1.0 mV by treatment with HCl (p-TH). Additionally, the surface area of TH COF was 39.3 m<sup>2</sup>/g, whereas the surface area of dp-TH COF and p-TH COF structures were measured as 41.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 42.5 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively. However, the COF structure had a better adsorption capability with acid and base treatments, e.g., dp-TH COF absorbed 5.5 ± 0.3 mg/g methylene blue (MB) dye, and p-TH COF absorbed 25.9 ± 1.4 mg/g methyl orange (MO) dye from 100 mL 25 ppm aqueous dye solutions, thereby increasing the MB and MO absorption amounts of the TH COF structure. Furthermore, by calculating the distribution, selectivity, and relative selectivity coefficients, the absorption capacity order was determined as dp-TH > TH > p-TH COFs for the MB dye, whereas it was p-TH > TH > dp-TH COFs for the MO dye. Finally, the reusability of dp-TH COF for MB absorption and p-TH COF for MO absorption were investigated. After five repeated uses, dp-TH COF retained 64.6 ± 3.7% of its absorption ability, whereas p-TH COF preserved 79.7 ± 3.2% of its absorption ability relative to the initial absorption amount. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:01:10Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:01:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-8329e64757244db089ffe555ec322e6a2023-11-23T18:01:54ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2022-06-0113693810.3390/mi13060938Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous MediaSelin S. Suner0Sahin Demirci1Duygu S. Sutekin2Selehattin Yilmaz3Nurettin Sahiner4Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry & Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, TurkeyA thiourea hexamethylene diisocyanate covalent organic framework (TH COF) was synthesized by adjusting the surface charge and surface area. The surface charge value of TH COF, −3.8 ± 0.5 mV, can be changed to −29.1 ± 0.4 mV by treatment with NaOH (dp-TH) and 17.1 ± 1.0 mV by treatment with HCl (p-TH). Additionally, the surface area of TH COF was 39.3 m<sup>2</sup>/g, whereas the surface area of dp-TH COF and p-TH COF structures were measured as 41.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 42.5 m<sup>2</sup>/g, respectively. However, the COF structure had a better adsorption capability with acid and base treatments, e.g., dp-TH COF absorbed 5.5 ± 0.3 mg/g methylene blue (MB) dye, and p-TH COF absorbed 25.9 ± 1.4 mg/g methyl orange (MO) dye from 100 mL 25 ppm aqueous dye solutions, thereby increasing the MB and MO absorption amounts of the TH COF structure. Furthermore, by calculating the distribution, selectivity, and relative selectivity coefficients, the absorption capacity order was determined as dp-TH > TH > p-TH COFs for the MB dye, whereas it was p-TH > TH > dp-TH COFs for the MO dye. Finally, the reusability of dp-TH COF for MB absorption and p-TH COF for MO absorption were investigated. After five repeated uses, dp-TH COF retained 64.6 ± 3.7% of its absorption ability, whereas p-TH COF preserved 79.7 ± 3.2% of its absorption ability relative to the initial absorption amount.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/6/938porous coordination polymerscovalent organic frameworkthiourea-isocyanateabsorbentdye removal |
| spellingShingle | Selin S. Suner Sahin Demirci Duygu S. Sutekin Selehattin Yilmaz Nurettin Sahiner Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media Micromachines porous coordination polymers covalent organic framework thiourea-isocyanate absorbent dye removal |
| title | Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media |
| title_full | Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media |
| title_fullStr | Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media |
| title_short | Thiourea-Isocyanate-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Surface Charge and Surface Area for Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Removal from Aqueous Media |
| title_sort | thiourea isocyanate based covalent organic frameworks with tunable surface charge and surface area for methylene blue and methyl orange removal from aqueous media |
| topic | porous coordination polymers covalent organic framework thiourea-isocyanate absorbent dye removal |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/13/6/938 |
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