Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) fixed to the lower limbs have been reported to provide accurate estimates of stride lengths (SLs) during walking. Due to technical challenges, validation of such estimates in running is generally limited to speeds (well) below 5 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. However...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/376 |
| _version_ | 1797497510672990208 |
|---|---|
| author | Cornelis J. de Ruiter Erik Wilmes Pepijn S. van Ardenne Niels Houtkamp Reinder A. Prince Maarten Wooldrik Jaap H. van Dieën |
| author_facet | Cornelis J. de Ruiter Erik Wilmes Pepijn S. van Ardenne Niels Houtkamp Reinder A. Prince Maarten Wooldrik Jaap H. van Dieën |
| author_sort | Cornelis J. de Ruiter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inertial measurement units (IMUs) fixed to the lower limbs have been reported to provide accurate estimates of stride lengths (SLs) during walking. Due to technical challenges, validation of such estimates in running is generally limited to speeds (well) below 5 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. However, athletes sprinting at (sub)maximal effort already surpass 5 m·s<sup>−1</sup> after a few strides. The present study aimed to develop and validate IMU-derived SLs during maximal linear overground sprints. Recreational athletes (<i>n</i> = 21) completed two sets of three 35 m sprints executed at 60, 80, and 100% of subjective effort, with an IMU on the instep of each shoe. Reference SLs from start to ~30 m were obtained with a series of video cameras. SLs from IMUs were obtained by double integration of horizontal acceleration with a zero-velocity update, corrected for acceleration artefacts at touch-down of the feet. Peak sprint speeds (mean ± SD) reached at the three levels of effort were 7.02 ± 0.80, 7.65 ± 0.77, and 8.42 ± 0.85 m·s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Biases (±Limits of Agreement) of SLs obtained from all participants during sprints at 60, 80, and 100% effort were 0.01% (±6.33%), −0.75% (±6.39%), and −2.51% (±8.54%), respectively. In conclusion, in recreational athletes wearing IMUs tightly fixed to their shoes, stride length can be estimated with reasonable accuracy during maximal linear sprint acceleration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:20:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-832aad6a60c74eb5890835e02471d67d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:20:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-832aad6a60c74eb5890835e02471d67d2023-11-23T12:21:17ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-01-0122137610.3390/s22010376Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement UnitsCornelis J. de Ruiter0Erik Wilmes1Pepijn S. van Ardenne2Niels Houtkamp3Reinder A. Prince4Maarten Wooldrik5Jaap H. van Dieën6Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The NetherlandsInertial measurement units (IMUs) fixed to the lower limbs have been reported to provide accurate estimates of stride lengths (SLs) during walking. Due to technical challenges, validation of such estimates in running is generally limited to speeds (well) below 5 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. However, athletes sprinting at (sub)maximal effort already surpass 5 m·s<sup>−1</sup> after a few strides. The present study aimed to develop and validate IMU-derived SLs during maximal linear overground sprints. Recreational athletes (<i>n</i> = 21) completed two sets of three 35 m sprints executed at 60, 80, and 100% of subjective effort, with an IMU on the instep of each shoe. Reference SLs from start to ~30 m were obtained with a series of video cameras. SLs from IMUs were obtained by double integration of horizontal acceleration with a zero-velocity update, corrected for acceleration artefacts at touch-down of the feet. Peak sprint speeds (mean ± SD) reached at the three levels of effort were 7.02 ± 0.80, 7.65 ± 0.77, and 8.42 ± 0.85 m·s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Biases (±Limits of Agreement) of SLs obtained from all participants during sprints at 60, 80, and 100% effort were 0.01% (±6.33%), −0.75% (±6.39%), and −2.51% (±8.54%), respectively. In conclusion, in recreational athletes wearing IMUs tightly fixed to their shoes, stride length can be estimated with reasonable accuracy during maximal linear sprint acceleration.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/376wearablesIMUstride lengthrunningaccelerationathletics |
| spellingShingle | Cornelis J. de Ruiter Erik Wilmes Pepijn S. van Ardenne Niels Houtkamp Reinder A. Prince Maarten Wooldrik Jaap H. van Dieën Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units Sensors wearables IMU stride length running acceleration athletics |
| title | Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_full | Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_fullStr | Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_short | Stride Lengths during Maximal Linear Sprint Acceleration Obtained with Foot-Mounted Inertial Measurement Units |
| title_sort | stride lengths during maximal linear sprint acceleration obtained with foot mounted inertial measurement units |
| topic | wearables IMU stride length running acceleration athletics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/1/376 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cornelisjderuiter stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT erikwilmes stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT pepijnsvanardenne stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT nielshoutkamp stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT reinderaprince stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT maartenwooldrik stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits AT jaaphvandieen stridelengthsduringmaximallinearsprintaccelerationobtainedwithfootmountedinertialmeasurementunits |