A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions
The performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distrib...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/12/1460 |
| _version_ | 1797503256695406592 |
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| author | Youngjin Choi Youngmin Park Minbum Choi Kyung Tae Jung Kyeong Ok Kim |
| author_facet | Youngjin Choi Youngmin Park Minbum Choi Kyung Tae Jung Kyeong Ok Kim |
| author_sort | Youngjin Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea. The ROMS model has a horizontal resolution of 1/30° and 30 vertical sigma layers. For model validation, root mean square errors were checked, comparing model results with wave and temperature buoy data as well as tidal station data supplied by various organizations within the Republic of Korea. Computed temperature and vertical temperature diffusion coefficients were mainly compared along Lines A (36° N) and B (125° E) crossing the central Yellow Sea, Lines C (32° N) and E (34° N) passing over the Yangtze Bank and Line D off the Taean Peninsula. Calculations showed that GLS and MY2.5 produced vertical mixing stronger than KPP in both the surface and bottom layers, but the overall results were reasonably close to each other. The lack of observational data was a hindrance in comparing the detailed performance between the TCSs. However, it was noted that the simulation capability of cold patches in the tidal mixing front can be useful in identifying the better performing turbulence closure scheme. GLS and MY2.5 clearly produced the cold patch located near the western end of Line E (122° E–122.3° E), while KPP hardly produced its presence. Similar results were obtained along Line D but with a less pronounced tidal mixing front. Along Line C, GLS and MY2.5 produced a cold patch on the western slope of the Yellow Sea, the presence of which had never been reported. Additional measurements near 125° E–126° E of Line C and along the channel off the Taean Peninsula (Line D) are recommended to ensure the relative performance superiority between the TCSs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:47:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83306d4c52c94654b609265bf62fe427 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:47:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-83306d4c52c94654b609265bf62fe4272023-11-23T09:04:02ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122021-12-01912146010.3390/jmse9121460A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature DistributionsYoungjin Choi0Youngmin Park1Minbum Choi2Kyung Tae Jung3Kyeong Ok Kim4Geosystem Research Inc., Gunpo 15807, KoreaGeosystem Research Inc., Gunpo 15807, KoreaGeosystem Research Inc., Gunpo 15807, KoreaOceanic Consulting and Trading, Gangneung 25601, KoreaMarine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49111, KoreaThe performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea. The ROMS model has a horizontal resolution of 1/30° and 30 vertical sigma layers. For model validation, root mean square errors were checked, comparing model results with wave and temperature buoy data as well as tidal station data supplied by various organizations within the Republic of Korea. Computed temperature and vertical temperature diffusion coefficients were mainly compared along Lines A (36° N) and B (125° E) crossing the central Yellow Sea, Lines C (32° N) and E (34° N) passing over the Yangtze Bank and Line D off the Taean Peninsula. Calculations showed that GLS and MY2.5 produced vertical mixing stronger than KPP in both the surface and bottom layers, but the overall results were reasonably close to each other. The lack of observational data was a hindrance in comparing the detailed performance between the TCSs. However, it was noted that the simulation capability of cold patches in the tidal mixing front can be useful in identifying the better performing turbulence closure scheme. GLS and MY2.5 clearly produced the cold patch located near the western end of Line E (122° E–122.3° E), while KPP hardly produced its presence. Similar results were obtained along Line D but with a less pronounced tidal mixing front. Along Line C, GLS and MY2.5 produced a cold patch on the western slope of the Yellow Sea, the presence of which had never been reported. Additional measurements near 125° E–126° E of Line C and along the channel off the Taean Peninsula (Line D) are recommended to ensure the relative performance superiority between the TCSs.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/12/1460Yellow SeatideCOAWSTYSBCWturbulence closure schemes |
| spellingShingle | Youngjin Choi Youngmin Park Minbum Choi Kyung Tae Jung Kyeong Ok Kim A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Yellow Sea tide COAWST YSBCW turbulence closure schemes |
| title | A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions |
| title_full | A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions |
| title_fullStr | A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions |
| title_short | A Fine Grid Tide-Wave-Ocean Circulation Coupled Model for the Yellow Sea: Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions |
| title_sort | fine grid tide wave ocean circulation coupled model for the yellow sea comparison of turbulence closure schemes in reproducing temperature distributions |
| topic | Yellow Sea tide COAWST YSBCW turbulence closure schemes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/12/1460 |
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