SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces
This paper presents a fundamental simulation method to generate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for moving ocean surfaces. We have designed the simulation based on motion induced modulations and Bragg scattering, which are important features of ocean SAR images. The time domain simulation is a...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2013-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/4/4450 |
| _version_ | 1817996957336993792 |
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| author | Chang-Kyu Rheem Takero Yoshida |
| author_facet | Chang-Kyu Rheem Takero Yoshida |
| author_sort | Chang-Kyu Rheem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents a fundamental simulation method to generate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for moving ocean surfaces. We have designed the simulation based on motion induced modulations and Bragg scattering, which are important features of ocean SAR images. The time domain simulation is able to obtain time series of microwave backscattering modulated by the orbital motions of ocean waves. Physical optics approximation is applied to calculate microwave backscattering. The computational grids are smaller than transmit microwave to demonstrate accurate interaction between electromagnetic waves and ocean surface waves. In this paper, as foundations for SAR image simulation of moving ocean surfaces, the simulation is carried out for some targets and ocean waves. The SAR images of stationary and moving targets are simulated to confirm SAR signal processing and motion induced modulation. Furthermore, the azimuth signals from the regular wave traveling to the azimuth direction also show the azimuthal shifts due to the orbital motions. In addition, incident angle dependence is simulated for irregular wind waves to compare with Bragg scattering theory. The simulation results are in good agreement with the theory. These results show that the simulation is applicable for generating numerical SAR images of moving ocean surfaces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:31:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83317c537a434113a118e499ef189df0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:31:11Z |
| publishDate | 2013-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-83317c537a434113a118e499ef189df02022-12-22T02:17:41ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202013-04-011344450446710.3390/s130404450SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean SurfacesChang-Kyu RheemTakero YoshidaThis paper presents a fundamental simulation method to generate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for moving ocean surfaces. We have designed the simulation based on motion induced modulations and Bragg scattering, which are important features of ocean SAR images. The time domain simulation is able to obtain time series of microwave backscattering modulated by the orbital motions of ocean waves. Physical optics approximation is applied to calculate microwave backscattering. The computational grids are smaller than transmit microwave to demonstrate accurate interaction between electromagnetic waves and ocean surface waves. In this paper, as foundations for SAR image simulation of moving ocean surfaces, the simulation is carried out for some targets and ocean waves. The SAR images of stationary and moving targets are simulated to confirm SAR signal processing and motion induced modulation. Furthermore, the azimuth signals from the regular wave traveling to the azimuth direction also show the azimuthal shifts due to the orbital motions. In addition, incident angle dependence is simulated for irregular wind waves to compare with Bragg scattering theory. The simulation results are in good agreement with the theory. These results show that the simulation is applicable for generating numerical SAR images of moving ocean surfaces.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/4/4450SARtime domain simulationoceanremote sensing |
| spellingShingle | Chang-Kyu Rheem Takero Yoshida SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces Sensors SAR time domain simulation ocean remote sensing |
| title | SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces |
| title_full | SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces |
| title_fullStr | SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces |
| title_short | SAR Image Simulation in the Time Domain for Moving Ocean Surfaces |
| title_sort | sar image simulation in the time domain for moving ocean surfaces |
| topic | SAR time domain simulation ocean remote sensing |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/4/4450 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT changkyurheem sarimagesimulationinthetimedomainformovingoceansurfaces AT takeroyoshida sarimagesimulationinthetimedomainformovingoceansurfaces |