Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review
Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (RIOM/CIOM) is a common complication in cancer patients, leading to negative clinical manifestations, reduced quality of life, and impacting compliance with anticancer treatment. The composition and metabolic function of the oral microbiome, as...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.831387/full |
| _version_ | 1828816361059516416 |
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| author | Ling Ji Siyuan Hao Jiantao Wang Jing Zou Yan Wang |
| author_facet | Ling Ji Siyuan Hao Jiantao Wang Jing Zou Yan Wang |
| author_sort | Ling Ji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (RIOM/CIOM) is a common complication in cancer patients, leading to negative clinical manifestations, reduced quality of life, and impacting compliance with anticancer treatment. The composition and metabolic function of the oral microbiome, as well as the innate immune response of the oral mucosa are severely altered during chemotherapy or radiotherapy, promoting the expression of inflammatory mediators by direct and indirect mechanisms. Commensal oral bacteria-mediated innate immune signaling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ambiguously shapes radiotherapy- and/or chemotherapy-induced oral damage. To date, there has been no comprehensive overview of the role of TLRs in RIOM/CIOM. This review aims to provide a narrative of the involvement of TLRs, including TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR9, in RIOM/CIOM, mainly by mediating the interaction between the host and microorganisms. As such, we suggest that these TLR signaling pathways are a novel mechanism of RIOM/CIOM with considerable potential for use in therapeutic interventions. More studies are needed in the future to investigate the role of different TLRs in RIOM/CIOM to provide a reference for the precise control of RIOM/CIOM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:03:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8331de91e32b476186aaf7d968d842a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T11:03:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8331de91e32b476186aaf7d968d842a12022-12-22T00:26:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-06-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.831387831387Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise ReviewLing Ji0Siyuan Hao1Jiantao Wang2Jing Zou3Yan Wang4State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Lung Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaRadiotherapy and/or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (RIOM/CIOM) is a common complication in cancer patients, leading to negative clinical manifestations, reduced quality of life, and impacting compliance with anticancer treatment. The composition and metabolic function of the oral microbiome, as well as the innate immune response of the oral mucosa are severely altered during chemotherapy or radiotherapy, promoting the expression of inflammatory mediators by direct and indirect mechanisms. Commensal oral bacteria-mediated innate immune signaling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ambiguously shapes radiotherapy- and/or chemotherapy-induced oral damage. To date, there has been no comprehensive overview of the role of TLRs in RIOM/CIOM. This review aims to provide a narrative of the involvement of TLRs, including TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR9, in RIOM/CIOM, mainly by mediating the interaction between the host and microorganisms. As such, we suggest that these TLR signaling pathways are a novel mechanism of RIOM/CIOM with considerable potential for use in therapeutic interventions. More studies are needed in the future to investigate the role of different TLRs in RIOM/CIOM to provide a reference for the precise control of RIOM/CIOM.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.831387/fulltoll-like receptororal mucositisgastrointestinal mucositischemotherapyradiotherapymicrobiota dysbiosis |
| spellingShingle | Ling Ji Siyuan Hao Jiantao Wang Jing Zou Yan Wang Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology toll-like receptor oral mucositis gastrointestinal mucositis chemotherapy radiotherapy microbiota dysbiosis |
| title | Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review |
| title_full | Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review |
| title_fullStr | Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review |
| title_short | Roles of Toll-Like Receptors in Radiotherapy- and Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Concise Review |
| title_sort | roles of toll like receptors in radiotherapy and chemotherapy induced oral mucositis a concise review |
| topic | toll-like receptor oral mucositis gastrointestinal mucositis chemotherapy radiotherapy microbiota dysbiosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.831387/full |
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