New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes
Despite the substantial role played by the hypothalamus in the regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis, the exact mechanisms and neuronal circuits underlying this regulation remain poorly understood. In the last 15 years, investigations using transgenic models, optogenetic, and chemogen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6186 |
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| author | Anna Fosch Sebastián Zagmutt Núria Casals Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez |
| author_facet | Anna Fosch Sebastián Zagmutt Núria Casals Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez |
| author_sort | Anna Fosch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the substantial role played by the hypothalamus in the regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis, the exact mechanisms and neuronal circuits underlying this regulation remain poorly understood. In the last 15 years, investigations using transgenic models, optogenetic, and chemogenetic approaches have revealed that SF1 neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus are a specific lead in the brain’s ability to sense glucose levels and conduct insulin and leptin signaling in energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis, with minor feeding control. Deletion of hormonal receptors, nutritional sensors, or synaptic receptors in SF1 neurons triggers metabolic alterations mostly appreciated under high-fat feeding, indicating that SF1 neurons are particularly important for metabolic adaptation in the early stages of obesity. Although these studies have provided exciting insight into the implications of hypothalamic SF1 neurons on whole-body energy homeostasis, new questions have arisen from these results. Particularly, the existence of neuronal sub-populations of SF1 neurons and the intricate neurocircuitry linking these neurons with other nuclei and with the periphery. In this review, we address the most relevant studies carried out in SF1 neurons to date, to provide a global view of the central role played by these neurons in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:36:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8334166a91b64d08941a1ad0532bab8d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:36:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8334166a91b64d08941a1ad0532bab8d2023-11-21T23:16:30ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-06-012212618610.3390/ijms22126186New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and DiabetesAnna Fosch0Sebastián Zagmutt1Núria Casals2Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez3Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, SpainBasic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, SpainBasic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, SpainBasic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, SpainDespite the substantial role played by the hypothalamus in the regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis, the exact mechanisms and neuronal circuits underlying this regulation remain poorly understood. In the last 15 years, investigations using transgenic models, optogenetic, and chemogenetic approaches have revealed that SF1 neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus are a specific lead in the brain’s ability to sense glucose levels and conduct insulin and leptin signaling in energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis, with minor feeding control. Deletion of hormonal receptors, nutritional sensors, or synaptic receptors in SF1 neurons triggers metabolic alterations mostly appreciated under high-fat feeding, indicating that SF1 neurons are particularly important for metabolic adaptation in the early stages of obesity. Although these studies have provided exciting insight into the implications of hypothalamic SF1 neurons on whole-body energy homeostasis, new questions have arisen from these results. Particularly, the existence of neuronal sub-populations of SF1 neurons and the intricate neurocircuitry linking these neurons with other nuclei and with the periphery. In this review, we address the most relevant studies carried out in SF1 neurons to date, to provide a global view of the central role played by these neurons in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6186SF1 neuronsventromedial hypothalamus nucleusobesitydiabetesenergy homeostasisglucose homeostasis |
| spellingShingle | Anna Fosch Sebastián Zagmutt Núria Casals Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes International Journal of Molecular Sciences SF1 neurons ventromedial hypothalamus nucleus obesity diabetes energy homeostasis glucose homeostasis |
| title | New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes |
| title_full | New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes |
| title_short | New Insights of SF1 Neurons in Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity and Diabetes |
| title_sort | new insights of sf1 neurons in hypothalamic regulation of obesity and diabetes |
| topic | SF1 neurons ventromedial hypothalamus nucleus obesity diabetes energy homeostasis glucose homeostasis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6186 |
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