Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor
While the tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates the cell cycle to prevent cell damage, it also triggers apoptosis and prevents cancer. These inhibitory functions may disappear once the p53 gene is mutated. Under these circumstances, the detection of p53 protein concentrations can have significant c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Chemosensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/9/1/17 |
| _version_ | 1827599823373598720 |
|---|---|
| author | Yen-Jou Chen Yu-Ren Peng Hung-Yu Lin Tsung-Yu Hsueh Chao-Sung Lai Mu-Yi Hua |
| author_facet | Yen-Jou Chen Yu-Ren Peng Hung-Yu Lin Tsung-Yu Hsueh Chao-Sung Lai Mu-Yi Hua |
| author_sort | Yen-Jou Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While the tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates the cell cycle to prevent cell damage, it also triggers apoptosis and prevents cancer. These inhibitory functions may disappear once the p53 gene is mutated. Under these circumstances, the detection of p53 protein concentrations can have significant clinical applications. In this study, nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) was coated on a gold electrode to produce a modified Au/NiPc electrode. p53 antibodies were bonded to the Au/NiPc electrode by the Ni<sup>+2</sup> ion in NiPc, which can be self-assembled with the imidazole group of the p53 protein. The Au/NiPc/anti-p53 electrode was subsequently dripped with a buffer solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form the Au/NiPc/anti-p53/BSA electrode, which was used for the detection of p53 antigen under 10 mM potassium ferricyanide/potassium ferrocyanide (K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>/K<sub>4</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>) solution by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry analyses. The linear detection range and the sensitivity for the p53 antigen were 0.1–500 pg/mL and 60.65 μA/Log (pg/mL)-cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively, with a detection time of 90–150 s. In addition, Au/NiPc/anti-p53 (100 ng/mL)/BSA electrodes were tested for specificity using glucose, bovine serum albumin, histidine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, prostate-specific antigen, human serum albumin, and human immunoglobulin G. All <i>p</i>-values were <0.0005, indicating an outstanding specificity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:23:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83473feecfb6462193838f63aa6cb5fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:23:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-83473feecfb6462193838f63aa6cb5fc2023-12-03T13:44:54ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402021-01-01911710.3390/chemosensors9010017Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen SensorYen-Jou Chen0Yu-Ren Peng1Hung-Yu Lin2Tsung-Yu Hsueh3Chao-Sung Lai4Mu-Yi Hua5Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Artificial Intelligent Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Research Center, and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanWhile the tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates the cell cycle to prevent cell damage, it also triggers apoptosis and prevents cancer. These inhibitory functions may disappear once the p53 gene is mutated. Under these circumstances, the detection of p53 protein concentrations can have significant clinical applications. In this study, nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) was coated on a gold electrode to produce a modified Au/NiPc electrode. p53 antibodies were bonded to the Au/NiPc electrode by the Ni<sup>+2</sup> ion in NiPc, which can be self-assembled with the imidazole group of the p53 protein. The Au/NiPc/anti-p53 electrode was subsequently dripped with a buffer solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form the Au/NiPc/anti-p53/BSA electrode, which was used for the detection of p53 antigen under 10 mM potassium ferricyanide/potassium ferrocyanide (K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>/K<sub>4</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>) solution by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry analyses. The linear detection range and the sensitivity for the p53 antigen were 0.1–500 pg/mL and 60.65 μA/Log (pg/mL)-cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively, with a detection time of 90–150 s. In addition, Au/NiPc/anti-p53 (100 ng/mL)/BSA electrodes were tested for specificity using glucose, bovine serum albumin, histidine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, prostate-specific antigen, human serum albumin, and human immunoglobulin G. All <i>p</i>-values were <0.0005, indicating an outstanding specificity.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/9/1/17tumor suppressor proteinnickel phthalocyaninep53 proteindifferential pulse voltammetrycyclic voltammetrycancer biomarker |
| spellingShingle | Yen-Jou Chen Yu-Ren Peng Hung-Yu Lin Tsung-Yu Hsueh Chao-Sung Lai Mu-Yi Hua Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor Chemosensors tumor suppressor protein nickel phthalocyanine p53 protein differential pulse voltammetry cyclic voltammetry cancer biomarker |
| title | Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor |
| title_full | Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor |
| title_fullStr | Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor |
| title_short | Preparation and Characterization of Au/NiPc/Anti-p53/BSA Electrode for Application as a p53 Antigen Sensor |
| title_sort | preparation and characterization of au nipc anti p53 bsa electrode for application as a p53 antigen sensor |
| topic | tumor suppressor protein nickel phthalocyanine p53 protein differential pulse voltammetry cyclic voltammetry cancer biomarker |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/9/1/17 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yenjouchen preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor AT yurenpeng preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor AT hungyulin preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor AT tsungyuhsueh preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor AT chaosunglai preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor AT muyihua preparationandcharacterizationofaunipcantip53bsaelectrodeforapplicationasap53antigensensor |