Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease
Exercise training can mitigate symptoms of claudication (walking-induced muscle pain) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). One adaptive response enabling this improvement is enhanced muscle oxygen metabolism. To explore this issue, we used arterial-occlusion diffuse optical spectroscopy...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/814 |
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| author | Zhe Li Erin K. Englund Michael C. Langham Jinchao Feng Kebin Jia Thomas F. Floyd Arjun G. Yodh Wesley B. Baker |
| author_facet | Zhe Li Erin K. Englund Michael C. Langham Jinchao Feng Kebin Jia Thomas F. Floyd Arjun G. Yodh Wesley B. Baker |
| author_sort | Zhe Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exercise training can mitigate symptoms of claudication (walking-induced muscle pain) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). One adaptive response enabling this improvement is enhanced muscle oxygen metabolism. To explore this issue, we used arterial-occlusion diffuse optical spectroscopy (AO-DOS) to measure the effects of exercise training on the metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO<sub>2</sub>) in resting calf muscle. Additionally, venous-occlusion DOS (VO-DOS) and frequency-domain DOS (FD-DOS) were used to measure muscle blood flow (F) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO<sub>2</sub>), and resting calf muscle oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was calculated from MRO<sub>2</sub>, F, and blood hemoglobin. Lastly, the venous/arterial ratio (γ) of blood monitored by FD-DOS was calculated from OEF and StO<sub>2</sub>. PAD patients who experience claudication (<i>n</i> = 28) were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Patients in the exercise group received 3 months of supervised exercise training. Optical measurements were obtained at baseline and at 3 months in both groups. Resting MRO<sub>2</sub>, OEF, and F, respectively, increased by 30% (12%, 44%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), 17% (6%, 45%) (<i>p</i> = 0.003), and 7% (0%, 16%) (<i>p</i> = 0.11), after exercise training (median (interquartile range)). The pre-exercise γ was 0.76 (0.61, 0.89); it decreased by 12% (35%, 6%) after exercise training (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Improvement in exercise performance was associated with a correlative increase in resting OEF (R = 0.45, <i>p</i> = 0.02). |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:35:19Z |
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| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-834b79f48d1446f8a6fa0e03a428f7022023-11-23T09:31:15ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-11-01111281410.3390/metabo11120814Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery DiseaseZhe Li0Erin K. Englund1Michael C. Langham2Jinchao Feng3Kebin Jia4Thomas F. Floyd5Arjun G. Yodh6Wesley B. Baker7Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USADepartment of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAFaculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaFaculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology & Pain Management, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADivision of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAExercise training can mitigate symptoms of claudication (walking-induced muscle pain) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). One adaptive response enabling this improvement is enhanced muscle oxygen metabolism. To explore this issue, we used arterial-occlusion diffuse optical spectroscopy (AO-DOS) to measure the effects of exercise training on the metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO<sub>2</sub>) in resting calf muscle. Additionally, venous-occlusion DOS (VO-DOS) and frequency-domain DOS (FD-DOS) were used to measure muscle blood flow (F) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO<sub>2</sub>), and resting calf muscle oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was calculated from MRO<sub>2</sub>, F, and blood hemoglobin. Lastly, the venous/arterial ratio (γ) of blood monitored by FD-DOS was calculated from OEF and StO<sub>2</sub>. PAD patients who experience claudication (<i>n</i> = 28) were randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Patients in the exercise group received 3 months of supervised exercise training. Optical measurements were obtained at baseline and at 3 months in both groups. Resting MRO<sub>2</sub>, OEF, and F, respectively, increased by 30% (12%, 44%) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), 17% (6%, 45%) (<i>p</i> = 0.003), and 7% (0%, 16%) (<i>p</i> = 0.11), after exercise training (median (interquartile range)). The pre-exercise γ was 0.76 (0.61, 0.89); it decreased by 12% (35%, 6%) after exercise training (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Improvement in exercise performance was associated with a correlative increase in resting OEF (R = 0.45, <i>p</i> = 0.02).https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/814claudicationdiffuse optical spectroscopyexercise trainingperipheral artery disease |
| spellingShingle | Zhe Li Erin K. Englund Michael C. Langham Jinchao Feng Kebin Jia Thomas F. Floyd Arjun G. Yodh Wesley B. Baker Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease Metabolites claudication diffuse optical spectroscopy exercise training peripheral artery disease |
| title | Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full | Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_short | Exercise Training Increases Resting Calf Muscle Oxygen Metabolism in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_sort | exercise training increases resting calf muscle oxygen metabolism in patients with peripheral artery disease |
| topic | claudication diffuse optical spectroscopy exercise training peripheral artery disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/12/814 |
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