Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas
T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are one of the T-cell subsets with a critical role in the regulation of germinal center (GC) reactions. TFH cells contribute to the positive selection of GC B-cells and promote plasma cell differentiation and antibody production. TFH cells express a unique phenotype c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1105651/full |
| _version_ | 1811175346399084544 |
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| author | Mario L. Marques-Piubelli Catalina Amador Francisco Vega |
| author_facet | Mario L. Marques-Piubelli Catalina Amador Francisco Vega |
| author_sort | Mario L. Marques-Piubelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are one of the T-cell subsets with a critical role in the regulation of germinal center (GC) reactions. TFH cells contribute to the positive selection of GC B-cells and promote plasma cell differentiation and antibody production. TFH cells express a unique phenotype characterized by PD-1hi, ICOShi, CD40Lhi, CD95hi, CTLAhi, CCR7lo, and CXCR5hi. Three main subtypes of nodal TFH lymphomas have been described: 1) angioimmunoblastic-type, 2) follicular-type, and 3) not otherwise specified (NOS). The diagnosis of these neoplasms can be challenging, and it is rendered based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, histopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings. The markers most frequently used to identify a TFH immunophenotype in paraffin-embedded tissue sections include PD-1, CXCL13, CXCR5, ICOS, BCL6, and CD10. These neoplasms feature a characteristic and similar, but not identical, mutational landscape with mutations in epigenetic modifiers (TET2, DNMT3A, IDH2), RHOA, and T-cell receptor signaling genes. Here, we briefly review the biology of TFH cells and present a summary of the current pathologic, molecular, and genetic features of nodal lymphomas. We want to highlight the importance of performing a consistent panel of TFH immunostains and mutational studies in TCLs to identify TFH lymphomas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:34:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-835398c8a6e542ec907280c5a6b38086 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T19:34:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-835398c8a6e542ec907280c5a6b380862023-01-30T08:50:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2023-01-011310.3389/fonc.2023.11056511105651Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomasMario L. Marques-Piubelli0Catalina Amador1Francisco Vega2Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United StatesDivision of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United StatesDepartment of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United StatesT-follicular helper (TFH) cells are one of the T-cell subsets with a critical role in the regulation of germinal center (GC) reactions. TFH cells contribute to the positive selection of GC B-cells and promote plasma cell differentiation and antibody production. TFH cells express a unique phenotype characterized by PD-1hi, ICOShi, CD40Lhi, CD95hi, CTLAhi, CCR7lo, and CXCR5hi. Three main subtypes of nodal TFH lymphomas have been described: 1) angioimmunoblastic-type, 2) follicular-type, and 3) not otherwise specified (NOS). The diagnosis of these neoplasms can be challenging, and it is rendered based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, histopathologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings. The markers most frequently used to identify a TFH immunophenotype in paraffin-embedded tissue sections include PD-1, CXCL13, CXCR5, ICOS, BCL6, and CD10. These neoplasms feature a characteristic and similar, but not identical, mutational landscape with mutations in epigenetic modifiers (TET2, DNMT3A, IDH2), RHOA, and T-cell receptor signaling genes. Here, we briefly review the biology of TFH cells and present a summary of the current pathologic, molecular, and genetic features of nodal lymphomas. We want to highlight the importance of performing a consistent panel of TFH immunostains and mutational studies in TCLs to identify TFH lymphomas.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1105651/fullperipheral T cell lymphomasangioimmunoblastic T cell lymphomafollicular T helpernext-generation sequencingmolecular and genetic profiling |
| spellingShingle | Mario L. Marques-Piubelli Catalina Amador Francisco Vega Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas Frontiers in Oncology peripheral T cell lymphomas angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma follicular T helper next-generation sequencing molecular and genetic profiling |
| title | Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| title_full | Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| title_fullStr | Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| title_short | Pathologic and molecular insights in nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| title_sort | pathologic and molecular insights in nodal t follicular helper cell lymphomas |
| topic | peripheral T cell lymphomas angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma follicular T helper next-generation sequencing molecular and genetic profiling |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1105651/full |
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