Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness
The many uses of wood are greatly affected by its surface properties, which are significantly altered by heat treatment. Investigated here are the wettability and surface brittleness when treating poplar wood with heat at 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C for 2 h. Contact angles were measured by the sessile...
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North Carolina State University
2016-07-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
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| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_3_6948_Chu_Surface_Characteristics_Poplar_Wood |
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| author | Demiao Chu Lei Xue Yu Zhang Liu Kang Jun Mu |
| author_facet | Demiao Chu Lei Xue Yu Zhang Liu Kang Jun Mu |
| author_sort | Demiao Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The many uses of wood are greatly affected by its surface properties, which are significantly altered by heat treatment. Investigated here are the wettability and surface brittleness when treating poplar wood with heat at 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C for 2 h. Contact angles were measured by the sessile drop method, and surface free energy was calculated. Surface brittleness was expressed by hardness (HD value), roughness (Ra, Rq, Ry, and Rz values), and abrasive resistance (K value). Next, non-destructive Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopic (FT-NIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements were employed to analyze the surface chemical changes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the post-heating microscopic structure. The results demonstrated that heat treatment reduces the surface wettability while increasing the surface brittleness, which becomes more apparent with increased temperature. Significant differences were determined (p < 0.05) between the surface parameters at four different temperatures. The degradation of cell wall components and the deterioration of microstructures was further expounded by FT-NIR, XPS, and SEM analyses. Furthermore, the abrasive resistance and hardness values decreased in line with the rate of weight loss (WL, %) and temperature. This indicates a strong correlation between the surface characteristics and the WL or temperature. The intensity of heat treatment appears to be predictable and easy to regulate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:07:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8361980a164a4adf93e96a5fee63267a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T22:07:58Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8361980a164a4adf93e96a5fee63267a2022-12-22T01:31:42ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21261930-21262016-07-011136948696710.15376/biores.11.3.6948-6967Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface BrittlenessDemiao Chu0Lei Xue1Yu Zhang2Liu Kang3Jun Mu4MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China;; ChinaBeijing Forestry University; ChinaBeijing Forestry University; ChinaBeijing Forestry University; ChinaMOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China;; ChinaThe many uses of wood are greatly affected by its surface properties, which are significantly altered by heat treatment. Investigated here are the wettability and surface brittleness when treating poplar wood with heat at 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C for 2 h. Contact angles were measured by the sessile drop method, and surface free energy was calculated. Surface brittleness was expressed by hardness (HD value), roughness (Ra, Rq, Ry, and Rz values), and abrasive resistance (K value). Next, non-destructive Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopic (FT-NIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements were employed to analyze the surface chemical changes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the post-heating microscopic structure. The results demonstrated that heat treatment reduces the surface wettability while increasing the surface brittleness, which becomes more apparent with increased temperature. Significant differences were determined (p < 0.05) between the surface parameters at four different temperatures. The degradation of cell wall components and the deterioration of microstructures was further expounded by FT-NIR, XPS, and SEM analyses. Furthermore, the abrasive resistance and hardness values decreased in line with the rate of weight loss (WL, %) and temperature. This indicates a strong correlation between the surface characteristics and the WL or temperature. The intensity of heat treatment appears to be predictable and easy to regulate.http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_3_6948_Chu_Surface_Characteristics_Poplar_WoodPoplar woodThermal treatmentSurface brittlenessHydrophobicitySurface abrasion resistanceNear infrared spectroscopy (NIR)X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) |
| spellingShingle | Demiao Chu Lei Xue Yu Zhang Liu Kang Jun Mu Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness BioResources Poplar wood Thermal treatment Surface brittleness Hydrophobicity Surface abrasion resistance Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) |
| title | Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness |
| title_full | Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness |
| title_fullStr | Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness |
| title_short | Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High-Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness |
| title_sort | surface characteristics of poplar wood with high temperature heat treatment wettability and surface brittleness |
| topic | Poplar wood Thermal treatment Surface brittleness Hydrophobicity Surface abrasion resistance Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) |
| url | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_11_3_6948_Chu_Surface_Characteristics_Poplar_Wood |
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