Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits
Over the past few years, research studies on the therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants with potent antioxidant activity and few side effects have grown significantly. This has sparked interest in determining whether naturally occurring antioxidants could take the place of synthetic antioxidants,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Separations |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/11/379 |
| _version_ | 1797463896218402816 |
|---|---|
| author | Khaled M. A. Ramadan Hossam S. El-Beltagi Heba I. Mohamed Tarek A. Shalaby Ahmed Galal Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Mohamed M. Aboul Fotouh Eslam S. A. Bendary |
| author_facet | Khaled M. A. Ramadan Hossam S. El-Beltagi Heba I. Mohamed Tarek A. Shalaby Ahmed Galal Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Mohamed M. Aboul Fotouh Eslam S. A. Bendary |
| author_sort | Khaled M. A. Ramadan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Over the past few years, research studies on the therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants with potent antioxidant activity and few side effects have grown significantly. This has sparked interest in determining whether naturally occurring antioxidants could take the place of synthetic antioxidants, which are currently being constricted because of their toxic and carcinogenic properties. The identification and quantification of phytochemicals in the methanolic extract of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> fruits was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) techniques. Additionally, the methanolic extract of fruits was used to determine antioxidant activity. Free radical-scavenging (DPPH) and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power were measured using spectrophotometry, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was compared with two common antioxidants, vitamin C and α-tocopherol. Moreover, mature fruits have high DDPH, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, mature fruits have high levels of total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content; these compounds are thought to be the sources of the antioxidant activity. The major constituents of the methanolic extracts from the mature fruits of <i>K. pinnata</i> were found to be larixinic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (DMDP), and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural. We performed the elemental analysis of the whole fruit. Huh-7 (liver cancer), PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer), Colo-205 (colorectal cancer), HT-29 (colorectal cancer), SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) and HCT116 (colon carcinoma) were tested in vitro for anticancer activity. Both methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of mature fruits had a positive effect on all cancer cell lines as compared to the doxorubicin drug. In addition, the methanolic extracts of mature fruits showed more potent cytotoxic effects than the ethyl acetate extracts. Moreover, the most pronounced cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract were detected in SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 6.79 μg/mL, SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), with and IC<sub>50</sub> value of 8.69 μg/ ml, and in PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 10.34 μg/mL. Moreover, the results show that the water, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of mature fruits have antioxidant capacity, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH scavenging activity and also anticancer activity. Therefore, the present study suggests that the phytochemical profiles of mature fruits of <i>K. pinnata</i> may be used as potential natural antioxidants and anti-cancer cell lines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:00:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83732f144ff945aa8201b3c36b0b8418 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-8739 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:00:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Separations |
| spelling | doaj.art-83732f144ff945aa8201b3c36b0b84182023-11-24T09:59:50ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392022-11-0191137910.3390/separations9110379Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> FruitsKhaled M. A. Ramadan0Hossam S. El-Beltagi1Heba I. Mohamed2Tarek A. Shalaby3Ahmed Galal4Abdallah Tageldein Mansour5Mohamed M. Aboul Fotouh6Eslam S. A. Bendary7Al Bilad Bank Scholarly Chair for Food Security in Saudi Arabia, The Deanship of Scientific Research, The Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaAl Bilad Bank Scholarly Chair for Food Security in Saudi Arabia, The Deanship of Scientific Research, The Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaBiological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 1575, EgyptArid Land Agriculture Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, EgyptAnimal and Fish Production Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, EgyptDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11241, EgyptOver the past few years, research studies on the therapeutic benefits of medicinal plants with potent antioxidant activity and few side effects have grown significantly. This has sparked interest in determining whether naturally occurring antioxidants could take the place of synthetic antioxidants, which are currently being constricted because of their toxic and carcinogenic properties. The identification and quantification of phytochemicals in the methanolic extract of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> fruits was measured using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) techniques. Additionally, the methanolic extract of fruits was used to determine antioxidant activity. Free radical-scavenging (DPPH) and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power were measured using spectrophotometry, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was compared with two common antioxidants, vitamin C and α-tocopherol. Moreover, mature fruits have high DDPH, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, mature fruits have high levels of total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content; these compounds are thought to be the sources of the antioxidant activity. The major constituents of the methanolic extracts from the mature fruits of <i>K. pinnata</i> were found to be larixinic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (DMDP), and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural. We performed the elemental analysis of the whole fruit. Huh-7 (liver cancer), PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer), Colo-205 (colorectal cancer), HT-29 (colorectal cancer), SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) and HCT116 (colon carcinoma) were tested in vitro for anticancer activity. Both methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of mature fruits had a positive effect on all cancer cell lines as compared to the doxorubicin drug. In addition, the methanolic extracts of mature fruits showed more potent cytotoxic effects than the ethyl acetate extracts. Moreover, the most pronounced cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract were detected in SW620 (colorectal adenocarcinoma), with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 6.79 μg/mL, SNU-16 (gastric carcinoma), with and IC<sub>50</sub> value of 8.69 μg/ ml, and in PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer) with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 10.34 μg/mL. Moreover, the results show that the water, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of mature fruits have antioxidant capacity, ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH scavenging activity and also anticancer activity. Therefore, the present study suggests that the phytochemical profiles of mature fruits of <i>K. pinnata</i> may be used as potential natural antioxidants and anti-cancer cell lines.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/11/379reducing powerphytochemicalsantioxidant capacitycancer cell linephenolicflavonoid |
| spellingShingle | Khaled M. A. Ramadan Hossam S. El-Beltagi Heba I. Mohamed Tarek A. Shalaby Ahmed Galal Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Mohamed M. Aboul Fotouh Eslam S. A. Bendary Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits Separations reducing power phytochemicals antioxidant capacity cancer cell line phenolic flavonoid |
| title | Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits |
| title_full | Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits |
| title_short | Antioxidant, Anti-Cancer Activity and Phytochemicals Profiling of <i>Kigelia pinnata</i> Fruits |
| title_sort | antioxidant anti cancer activity and phytochemicals profiling of i kigelia pinnata i fruits |
| topic | reducing power phytochemicals antioxidant capacity cancer cell line phenolic flavonoid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/9/11/379 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT khaledmaramadan antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT hossamselbeltagi antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT hebaimohamed antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT tarekashalaby antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT ahmedgalal antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT abdallahtageldeinmansour antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT mohamedmaboulfotouh antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits AT eslamsabendary antioxidantanticanceractivityandphytochemicalsprofilingofikigeliapinnataifruits |