A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic
A new strain of coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was first detected in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China in late December 2019. To date, more than 1 million deaths and nearly 57 million...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.585899/full |
| _version_ | 1818930767542091776 |
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| author | Tofael Ahmed Sumon Md. Ashraf Hussain Md. Tawheed Hasan Mahmudul Hasan Won Je Jang Eleus Hussain Bhuiya Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury S. M. Sharifuzzaman Christopher Lyon Brown Hyun-Ju Kwon Eun-Woo Lee |
| author_facet | Tofael Ahmed Sumon Md. Ashraf Hussain Md. Tawheed Hasan Mahmudul Hasan Won Je Jang Eleus Hussain Bhuiya Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury S. M. Sharifuzzaman Christopher Lyon Brown Hyun-Ju Kwon Eun-Woo Lee |
| author_sort | Tofael Ahmed Sumon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new strain of coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was first detected in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China in late December 2019. To date, more than 1 million deaths and nearly 57 million confirmed cases have been recorded across 220 countries due to COVID-19, which is the greatest threat to global public health in our time. Although SARS-CoV-2 is genetically similar to other coronaviruses, i.e., SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), no confirmed therapeutics are yet available against COVID-19, and governments, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies worldwide are working together in search for effective drugs and vaccines. Repurposing of relevant therapies, developing vaccines, and using bioinformatics to identify potential drug targets are strongly in focus to combat COVID-19. This review deals with the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its clinical symptoms in humans including the most recent updates on candidate drugs and vaccines. Potential drugs (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, dexamethasone) and vaccines [mRNA-1273; measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)] in human clinical trials are discussed with their composition, dosage, mode of action, and possible release dates according to the trial register of US National Library of Medicines (clinicaltrials.gov), European Union (clinicaltrialsregister.eu), and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) website. Moreover, recent reports on in silico approaches like molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, network-based identification, and homology modeling are included, toward repurposing strategies for the use of already approved drugs against newly emerged pathogens. Limitations of effectiveness, side effects, and safety issues of each approach are also highlighted. This review should be useful for the researchers working to find out an effective strategy for defeating SARS-CoV-2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83835ac2c4b842d3b5fdd66a5f2d6eba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T04:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-83835ac2c4b842d3b5fdd66a5f2d6eba2022-12-21T19:54:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2021-01-01710.3389/fmolb.2020.585899585899A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 PandemicTofael Ahmed Sumon0Md. Ashraf Hussain1Md. Tawheed Hasan2Mahmudul Hasan3Won Je Jang4Eleus Hussain Bhuiya5Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury6S. M. Sharifuzzaman7Christopher Lyon Brown8Hyun-Ju Kwon9Eun-Woo Lee10Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, BangladeshDepartment of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, BangladeshDepartment of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, BangladeshDepartment of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, BangladeshDepartment of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South KoreaDivision of Analytical Development, Globe Biotech Limited, Dhaka, BangladeshDepartment of Surgery, Rangamati General Hospital, Rangamati, BangladeshInstitute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, BangladeshWorld Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea0Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, South Korea0Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, South KoreaA new strain of coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was first detected in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China in late December 2019. To date, more than 1 million deaths and nearly 57 million confirmed cases have been recorded across 220 countries due to COVID-19, which is the greatest threat to global public health in our time. Although SARS-CoV-2 is genetically similar to other coronaviruses, i.e., SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), no confirmed therapeutics are yet available against COVID-19, and governments, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies worldwide are working together in search for effective drugs and vaccines. Repurposing of relevant therapies, developing vaccines, and using bioinformatics to identify potential drug targets are strongly in focus to combat COVID-19. This review deals with the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its clinical symptoms in humans including the most recent updates on candidate drugs and vaccines. Potential drugs (remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, dexamethasone) and vaccines [mRNA-1273; measles, mumps and rubella (MMR), bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)] in human clinical trials are discussed with their composition, dosage, mode of action, and possible release dates according to the trial register of US National Library of Medicines (clinicaltrials.gov), European Union (clinicaltrialsregister.eu), and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) website. Moreover, recent reports on in silico approaches like molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, network-based identification, and homology modeling are included, toward repurposing strategies for the use of already approved drugs against newly emerged pathogens. Limitations of effectiveness, side effects, and safety issues of each approach are also highlighted. This review should be useful for the researchers working to find out an effective strategy for defeating SARS-CoV-2.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.585899/fullCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2drugsvaccinesin silico approaches |
| spellingShingle | Tofael Ahmed Sumon Md. Ashraf Hussain Md. Tawheed Hasan Mahmudul Hasan Won Je Jang Eleus Hussain Bhuiya Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury S. M. Sharifuzzaman Christopher Lyon Brown Hyun-Ju Kwon Eun-Woo Lee A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 drugs vaccines in silico approaches |
| title | A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | A Revisit to the Research Updates of Drugs, Vaccines, and Bioinformatics Approaches in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | revisit to the research updates of drugs vaccines and bioinformatics approaches in combating covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 drugs vaccines in silico approaches |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.585899/full |
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