Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria
Humanity is facing an enormous and growing worldwide threat from the emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Polymyxin B and E (colistin) constitute the last-line therapies for treating MDR Gram-nega...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809921000072 |
| _version_ | 1811221735239843840 |
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| author | Yuan Wang Qixia Luo Tingting Xiao Yunying Zhu Yonghong Xiao |
| author_facet | Yuan Wang Qixia Luo Tingting Xiao Yunying Zhu Yonghong Xiao |
| author_sort | Yuan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Humanity is facing an enormous and growing worldwide threat from the emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Polymyxin B and E (colistin) constitute the last-line therapies for treating MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Polymyxin is a cationic antibacterial peptide that can destroy the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. With the increasing clinical application of polymyxin, however, there have been many reports of the occurrence of polymyxin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This resistance is mainly mediated by the modification or complete loss of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS is also a virulence factor of Gram-negative bacteria, and alterations of LPS may correlate with virulence. Although it is generally believed that the biological costs associated with drug resistance may enable benign susceptible bacteria to overcome resistant bacteria when antibiotic pressure is reduced, some studies have shown that polymyxin-resistant bacteria are associated with higher virulence and greater fitness compared with their susceptible counterparts. To predict the development of polymyxin resistance and evaluate interventions for its mitigation, it is important to understand the relative biological cost of polymyxin resistance compared with susceptibility. The impact of polymyxin resistance mechanisms on the virulence and fitness of these three Gram-negative bacteria are summarized in this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:05:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-838dc5f24343446191f11ffc9a492bbe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2095-8099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:05:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-838dc5f24343446191f11ffc9a492bbe2022-12-22T03:41:11ZengElsevierEngineering2095-80992022-06-0113178185Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative BacteriaYuan Wang0Qixia Luo1Tingting Xiao2Yunying Zhu3Yonghong Xiao4State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaCorresponding author.; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, ChinaHumanity is facing an enormous and growing worldwide threat from the emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Polymyxin B and E (colistin) constitute the last-line therapies for treating MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Polymyxin is a cationic antibacterial peptide that can destroy the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. With the increasing clinical application of polymyxin, however, there have been many reports of the occurrence of polymyxin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This resistance is mainly mediated by the modification or complete loss of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS is also a virulence factor of Gram-negative bacteria, and alterations of LPS may correlate with virulence. Although it is generally believed that the biological costs associated with drug resistance may enable benign susceptible bacteria to overcome resistant bacteria when antibiotic pressure is reduced, some studies have shown that polymyxin-resistant bacteria are associated with higher virulence and greater fitness compared with their susceptible counterparts. To predict the development of polymyxin resistance and evaluate interventions for its mitigation, it is important to understand the relative biological cost of polymyxin resistance compared with susceptibility. The impact of polymyxin resistance mechanisms on the virulence and fitness of these three Gram-negative bacteria are summarized in this review.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809921000072PolymyxinResistanceVirulenceFitnessGram-negative bacteriaAcinetobacter baumannii |
| spellingShingle | Yuan Wang Qixia Luo Tingting Xiao Yunying Zhu Yonghong Xiao Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria Engineering Polymyxin Resistance Virulence Fitness Gram-negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii |
| title | Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_full | Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_short | Impact of Polymyxin Resistance on Virulence and Fitness among Clinically Important Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_sort | impact of polymyxin resistance on virulence and fitness among clinically important gram negative bacteria |
| topic | Polymyxin Resistance Virulence Fitness Gram-negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095809921000072 |
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