Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data
Phascolosoma (P.) varians, a sipunculan species known from the Greater Caribbean, was designated as a synonym of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens, which was originally described from Fiji. Their synonymy was primarily based upon an interpretation that these two species were morphologically indistinguish...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2020-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/10238.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827609023402213376 |
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| author | Itzahi Silva-Morales |
| author_facet | Itzahi Silva-Morales |
| author_sort | Itzahi Silva-Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phascolosoma (P.) varians, a sipunculan species known from the Greater Caribbean, was designated as a synonym of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens, which was originally described from Fiji. Their synonymy was primarily based upon an interpretation that these two species were morphologically indistinguishable. After its designation as a synonym, no further detailed analyses of morphological or molecular characteristics were performed to corroborate the assumed widespread distribution of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens. In this study, Phascolosoma (P.) varians is redescribed, and notable differences between this species and its proposed senior synonym are presented. These two species differ in the shape of their hooks, the spatial attachment of nephridia to the body wall, and the morphology of the contractile vessel. Additionally, there is high genetic divergence between nucleotide sequences within their respective cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes, which supports the morphological data. Herein, the synonymy of Phascolosoma (P.) varians with Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens is rejected due to morphological and molecular differences. Furthermore, the assumed widespread distribution of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens is still considered as questionable. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:24:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83940660df2541378f701460efe928e4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:24:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-83940660df2541378f701460efe928e42023-12-03T07:09:50ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592020-10-018e1023810.7717/peerj.10238Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular dataItzahi Silva-MoralesPhascolosoma (P.) varians, a sipunculan species known from the Greater Caribbean, was designated as a synonym of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens, which was originally described from Fiji. Their synonymy was primarily based upon an interpretation that these two species were morphologically indistinguishable. After its designation as a synonym, no further detailed analyses of morphological or molecular characteristics were performed to corroborate the assumed widespread distribution of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens. In this study, Phascolosoma (P.) varians is redescribed, and notable differences between this species and its proposed senior synonym are presented. These two species differ in the shape of their hooks, the spatial attachment of nephridia to the body wall, and the morphology of the contractile vessel. Additionally, there is high genetic divergence between nucleotide sequences within their respective cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes, which supports the morphological data. Herein, the synonymy of Phascolosoma (P.) varians with Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens is rejected due to morphological and molecular differences. Furthermore, the assumed widespread distribution of Phascolosoma (P.) nigrescens is still considered as questionable.https://peerj.com/articles/10238.pdfTaxonomyBarcodingCOICryptic speciesGreater Caribbean |
| spellingShingle | Itzahi Silva-Morales Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data PeerJ Taxonomy Barcoding COI Cryptic species Greater Caribbean |
| title | Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data |
| title_full | Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data |
| title_fullStr | Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data |
| title_short | Reinstatement of Phascolosoma (Phascolosoma) varians Keferstein, 1865 (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidae) based on morphological and molecular data |
| title_sort | reinstatement of phascolosoma phascolosoma varians keferstein 1865 sipuncula phascolosomatidae based on morphological and molecular data |
| topic | Taxonomy Barcoding COI Cryptic species Greater Caribbean |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/10238.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT itzahisilvamorales reinstatementofphascolosomaphascolosomavarianskeferstein1865sipunculaphascolosomatidaebasedonmorphologicalandmoleculardata |