Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement
Background: Enterovirus (EV) infections are associated with a broad range of diseases. Since the first experimental infection of primates with poliovirus (PV), tonsils and the Peyer’s patches (PPs) have been believed to be the primary replication sites of EVs. Our aim was to localize different viral...
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2600 |
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| author | Shubhada Bopegamage Katarina Berakova Pavol Gomocak Renata Baksova Jochem Galama Heikki Hyoty Sisko Tauriainen |
| author_facet | Shubhada Bopegamage Katarina Berakova Pavol Gomocak Renata Baksova Jochem Galama Heikki Hyoty Sisko Tauriainen |
| author_sort | Shubhada Bopegamage |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Enterovirus (EV) infections are associated with a broad range of diseases. Since the first experimental infection of primates with poliovirus (PV), tonsils and the Peyer’s patches (PPs) have been believed to be the primary replication sites of EVs. Our aim was to localize different viral markers in the small intestines (SI) of coxsackievirus B (CVB) orally and intraperitoneally (i.p.) infected mice. Methods: Transverse sections of SIs of both infected and control male outbred mice were collected at different intervals post-infection (p.i) and analyzed for presence of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and viral protein VP1 by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH). Fluorescent marker, eGFP, was identified in cryosections of mice infected with eGFP-CVB3. Results: In the infected SIs, we observed enlarged germinating centers (GCs) in the PPs; IFN-α was detected in the PPs and mucosal layer of the SIs. However, VP1, viral RNA and the eGFP were absent in the GCs of PPs at all stages of infection irrespective of the virus strains used. Conclusions: Virus was present in the epithelial cells but not in GCs of the PPs of the murine SIs. Our results do not support the hypothesis of EV replication in the PP especially in the GCs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83a81d1405dc4283bbca583f45446856 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-83a81d1405dc4283bbca583f454468562023-11-23T09:40:27ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-12-01912260010.3390/microorganisms9122600Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches InvolvementShubhada Bopegamage0Katarina Berakova1Pavol Gomocak2Renata Baksova3Jochem Galama4Heikki Hyoty5Sisko Tauriainen6Enterovirus Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 833 03 Bratislava, SlovakiaMartinske Biopticke Centrum s.r.o., V. Spanyola 47A Street, 010 01 Zilina, SlovakiaImmunohistochemical Laboratory, Medical Laboratory Pathology and Cytology, Cytopathos, s.r.o., Kutuzovova 23, 831 03 Bratislava, SlovakiaLaboratory of Human Pathogens, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 833 03 Bratislava, SlovakiaRadboud University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The NetherlandsFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Department of Virology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, FinlandDepartment of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, FinlandBackground: Enterovirus (EV) infections are associated with a broad range of diseases. Since the first experimental infection of primates with poliovirus (PV), tonsils and the Peyer’s patches (PPs) have been believed to be the primary replication sites of EVs. Our aim was to localize different viral markers in the small intestines (SI) of coxsackievirus B (CVB) orally and intraperitoneally (i.p.) infected mice. Methods: Transverse sections of SIs of both infected and control male outbred mice were collected at different intervals post-infection (p.i) and analyzed for presence of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and viral protein VP1 by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH). Fluorescent marker, eGFP, was identified in cryosections of mice infected with eGFP-CVB3. Results: In the infected SIs, we observed enlarged germinating centers (GCs) in the PPs; IFN-α was detected in the PPs and mucosal layer of the SIs. However, VP1, viral RNA and the eGFP were absent in the GCs of PPs at all stages of infection irrespective of the virus strains used. Conclusions: Virus was present in the epithelial cells but not in GCs of the PPs of the murine SIs. Our results do not support the hypothesis of EV replication in the PP especially in the GCs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2600coxsackievirusessmall intestinesPeyer’s patchesmice |
| spellingShingle | Shubhada Bopegamage Katarina Berakova Pavol Gomocak Renata Baksova Jochem Galama Heikki Hyoty Sisko Tauriainen Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement Microorganisms coxsackieviruses small intestines Peyer’s patches mice |
| title | Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement |
| title_full | Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement |
| title_fullStr | Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement |
| title_short | Primary Site of Coxsackievirus B Replication in the Small Intestines: No Proof of Peyer’s Patches Involvement |
| title_sort | primary site of coxsackievirus b replication in the small intestines no proof of peyer s patches involvement |
| topic | coxsackieviruses small intestines Peyer’s patches mice |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2600 |
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