Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff.
Eukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a r...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-04-01
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| Series: | PLoS Computational Biology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 |
| _version_ | 1818478996650721280 |
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| author | Luis Fernando Montaño-Gutierrez Kevin Correia Peter S Swain |
| author_facet | Luis Fernando Montaño-Gutierrez Kevin Correia Peter S Swain |
| author_sort | Luis Fernando Montaño-Gutierrez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a rate-affinity tradeoff, where an increase in the maximal rate of transport decreases the transporter's apparent affinity. These changes affect the import flux non-monotonically, and for a given concentration of extracellular nutrient there is one transporter, characterised by its affinity, that has a higher import flux than any other. Through encoding multiple transporters, cells can therefore mitigate the tradeoff by expressing those transporters with higher affinities in lower concentrations of nutrients. We verify our predictions using fluorescent tagging of seven HXT genes in budding yeast and follow their expression over time in batch culture. Using the known affinities of the corresponding transporters, we show that their regulation in glucose is broadly consistent with a rate-affinity tradeoff: as glucose falls, the levels of the different transporters peak in an order that mostly follows their affinity for glucose. More generally, evolution is constrained by tradeoffs. Our findings indicate that one such tradeoff often occurs in the cellular transport of nutrients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:55:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83c3c08a5b3d4e83ba6a2dac15ff086c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-734X 1553-7358 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:55:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Computational Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-83c3c08a5b3d4e83ba6a2dac15ff086c2022-12-22T01:53:32ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Computational Biology1553-734X1553-73582022-04-01184e101006010.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff.Luis Fernando Montaño-GutierrezKevin CorreiaPeter S SwainEukaryotic genomes often encode multiple transporters for the same nutrient. For example, budding yeast has 17 hexose transporters (HXTs), all of which potentially transport glucose. Using mathematical modelling, we show that transporters that use either facilitated diffusion or symport can have a rate-affinity tradeoff, where an increase in the maximal rate of transport decreases the transporter's apparent affinity. These changes affect the import flux non-monotonically, and for a given concentration of extracellular nutrient there is one transporter, characterised by its affinity, that has a higher import flux than any other. Through encoding multiple transporters, cells can therefore mitigate the tradeoff by expressing those transporters with higher affinities in lower concentrations of nutrients. We verify our predictions using fluorescent tagging of seven HXT genes in budding yeast and follow their expression over time in batch culture. Using the known affinities of the corresponding transporters, we show that their regulation in glucose is broadly consistent with a rate-affinity tradeoff: as glucose falls, the levels of the different transporters peak in an order that mostly follows their affinity for glucose. More generally, evolution is constrained by tradeoffs. Our findings indicate that one such tradeoff often occurs in the cellular transport of nutrients.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 |
| spellingShingle | Luis Fernando Montaño-Gutierrez Kevin Correia Peter S Swain Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. PLoS Computational Biology |
| title | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. |
| title_full | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. |
| title_fullStr | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. |
| title_short | Multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate-affinity tradeoff. |
| title_sort | multiple nutrient transporters enable cells to mitigate a rate affinity tradeoff |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010060 |
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