Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence
The alarmingly rising trend of type 2 diabetes constitutes a major global public health challenge particularly in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region where the prevalence is among the highest in the world with a projection to increase by 96% by 2045. The economic boom in the MENA regi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1060 |
| _version_ | 1797540165744328704 |
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| author | Nahla Hwalla Zeinab Jaafar Sally Sawaya |
| author_facet | Nahla Hwalla Zeinab Jaafar Sally Sawaya |
| author_sort | Nahla Hwalla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The alarmingly rising trend of type 2 diabetes constitutes a major global public health challenge particularly in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region where the prevalence is among the highest in the world with a projection to increase by 96% by 2045. The economic boom in the MENA region over the past decades has brought exceptionally rapid shifts in eating habits characterized by divergence from the traditional Mediterranean diet towards a more westernized unhealthy dietary pattern, thought to be leading to the dramatic rises in obesity and non-communicable diseases. Research efforts have brought a greater understanding of the different pathways through which diet and obesity may affect diabetes clinical outcomes, emphasizing the crucial role of dietary interventions and weight loss in the prevention and management of diabetes. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanistic pathways linking obesity with diabetes and to summarize the most recent evidence on the association of the intake of different macronutrients and food groups with the risk of type 2 diabetes. We also summarize the most recent evidence on the effectiveness of different macronutrient manipulations in the prevention and management of diabetes while highlighting the possible underlying mechanisms of action and latest evidence-based recommendations. We finally discuss the need to adequately integrate dietetic services in diabetes care specific to the MENA region and conclude with recommendations to improve dietetic care for diabetes in the region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83ca0eea668d4e1598051e3009015543 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-83ca0eea668d4e1598051e30090155432023-11-21T11:52:59ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-03-01134106010.3390/nu13041060Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the EvidenceNahla Hwalla0Zeinab Jaafar1Sally Sawaya2Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107 2020, LebanonDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107 2020, LebanonDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut 1107 2020, LebanonThe alarmingly rising trend of type 2 diabetes constitutes a major global public health challenge particularly in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region where the prevalence is among the highest in the world with a projection to increase by 96% by 2045. The economic boom in the MENA region over the past decades has brought exceptionally rapid shifts in eating habits characterized by divergence from the traditional Mediterranean diet towards a more westernized unhealthy dietary pattern, thought to be leading to the dramatic rises in obesity and non-communicable diseases. Research efforts have brought a greater understanding of the different pathways through which diet and obesity may affect diabetes clinical outcomes, emphasizing the crucial role of dietary interventions and weight loss in the prevention and management of diabetes. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanistic pathways linking obesity with diabetes and to summarize the most recent evidence on the association of the intake of different macronutrients and food groups with the risk of type 2 diabetes. We also summarize the most recent evidence on the effectiveness of different macronutrient manipulations in the prevention and management of diabetes while highlighting the possible underlying mechanisms of action and latest evidence-based recommendations. We finally discuss the need to adequately integrate dietetic services in diabetes care specific to the MENA region and conclude with recommendations to improve dietetic care for diabetes in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1060type 2 diabetesdietary managementMENA regionobesityinsulin resistanceinsulin glucose homeostasis |
| spellingShingle | Nahla Hwalla Zeinab Jaafar Sally Sawaya Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence Nutrients type 2 diabetes dietary management MENA region obesity insulin resistance insulin glucose homeostasis |
| title | Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_full | Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_short | Dietary Management of Type 2 Diabetes in the MENA Region: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_sort | dietary management of type 2 diabetes in the mena region a review of the evidence |
| topic | type 2 diabetes dietary management MENA region obesity insulin resistance insulin glucose homeostasis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/4/1060 |
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