Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm
Cereal landraces are a very valuable resource in contemporary agriculture. A renewed focus for breeding purposes could ameliorate some negative consequences of modern agriculture and conventional breeding, such as the loss of genetic diversity. One strategy combining molecular genotyping and charact...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| author | Angelo Sicilia Umberto Anastasi Michele Bizzini Stefania Montemagno Carmelo Nicotra Sebastiano Blangiforti Alfio Spina Salvatore Luciano Cosentino Angela Roberta Lo Piero |
| author_facet | Angelo Sicilia Umberto Anastasi Michele Bizzini Stefania Montemagno Carmelo Nicotra Sebastiano Blangiforti Alfio Spina Salvatore Luciano Cosentino Angela Roberta Lo Piero |
| author_sort | Angelo Sicilia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cereal landraces are a very valuable resource in contemporary agriculture. A renewed focus for breeding purposes could ameliorate some negative consequences of modern agriculture and conventional breeding, such as the loss of genetic diversity. One strategy combining molecular genotyping and characterization of morpho-agronomic traits related to productivity is proposed to assess a group of tetraploid wheat landraces named Bufala, historically cultivated in the mountain areas of Sicily and characterized by adaptability in terms of cold tolerance, ability to grow in marginal soils, weed competitiveness and resistance to diseases. A total of 55 SSR molecular markers were used to detect patterns of diversity in 30 rivet and durum wheat genotypes. Furthermore, phenotyping was then conducted for 8 morpho-agronomic traits. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), STRUCTURE and phylogenetical analysis allowed to identify three groups, two of them genetically close and including both Bufala and Bufala-related rivet landraces. To the third group, old and more recent durum wheat varieties, constituting the outgroup, were assigned. Clustering was confirmed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Finally, a correlation analysis showed that Bufala genotypes are characterized by lower ear density, major ear length and later earing time compared with the other studied genotypes. The levels of diversity and population structure could be an important contribution to parent selection in tetraploid wheat breeding programs, as well as to germplasm conservation and management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:09Z |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-83e59feff3104614a5d5af57f018a3212023-11-23T12:08:07ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-01-0111113010.3390/plants11010130Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat GermplasmAngelo Sicilia0Umberto Anastasi1Michele Bizzini2Stefania Montemagno3Carmelo Nicotra4Sebastiano Blangiforti5Alfio Spina6Salvatore Luciano Cosentino7Angela Roberta Lo Piero8Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, ItalyStazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, 95041 Caltagirone (CT), ItalyStazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, 95041 Caltagirone (CT), ItalyStazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, 95041 Caltagirone (CT), ItalyStazione Consorziale Sperimentale di Granicoltura per la Sicilia, 95041 Caltagirone (CT), ItalyCREA Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 95024 Acireale (CT), ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, ItalyCereal landraces are a very valuable resource in contemporary agriculture. A renewed focus for breeding purposes could ameliorate some negative consequences of modern agriculture and conventional breeding, such as the loss of genetic diversity. One strategy combining molecular genotyping and characterization of morpho-agronomic traits related to productivity is proposed to assess a group of tetraploid wheat landraces named Bufala, historically cultivated in the mountain areas of Sicily and characterized by adaptability in terms of cold tolerance, ability to grow in marginal soils, weed competitiveness and resistance to diseases. A total of 55 SSR molecular markers were used to detect patterns of diversity in 30 rivet and durum wheat genotypes. Furthermore, phenotyping was then conducted for 8 morpho-agronomic traits. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), STRUCTURE and phylogenetical analysis allowed to identify three groups, two of them genetically close and including both Bufala and Bufala-related rivet landraces. To the third group, old and more recent durum wheat varieties, constituting the outgroup, were assigned. Clustering was confirmed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Finally, a correlation analysis showed that Bufala genotypes are characterized by lower ear density, major ear length and later earing time compared with the other studied genotypes. The levels of diversity and population structure could be an important contribution to parent selection in tetraploid wheat breeding programs, as well as to germplasm conservation and management.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/130<i>Triticum turgidum</i> ssp. <i>turgidum</i>rivet wheatSSR markerlandracegenetic structureagrobiodiversity |
| spellingShingle | Angelo Sicilia Umberto Anastasi Michele Bizzini Stefania Montemagno Carmelo Nicotra Sebastiano Blangiforti Alfio Spina Salvatore Luciano Cosentino Angela Roberta Lo Piero Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm Plants <i>Triticum turgidum</i> ssp. <i>turgidum</i> rivet wheat SSR marker landrace genetic structure agrobiodiversity |
| title | Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm |
| title_full | Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm |
| title_fullStr | Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm |
| title_short | Genetic and Morpho-Agronomic Characterization of Sicilian Tetraploid Wheat Germplasm |
| title_sort | genetic and morpho agronomic characterization of sicilian tetraploid wheat germplasm |
| topic | <i>Triticum turgidum</i> ssp. <i>turgidum</i> rivet wheat SSR marker landrace genetic structure agrobiodiversity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/130 |
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