Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples
In the present work, the effectiveness of switchable hydrophobicity solvents (SHSs) as extraction solvent (<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA), <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Diethylethanamine (TEA), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Benzyl...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-12-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/1/86 |
| _version_ | 1818042643045679104 |
|---|---|
| author | Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés Alejandro Álvarez-Lueje Ricardo Salazar Carla Toledo-Neira |
| author_facet | Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés Alejandro Álvarez-Lueje Ricardo Salazar Carla Toledo-Neira |
| author_sort | Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present work, the effectiveness of switchable hydrophobicity solvents (SHSs) as extraction solvent (<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA), <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Diethylethanamine (TEA), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Benzyldimethylamine (DMBA)) for a variety of emerging pollutants was evaluated. Different pharmaceutical products (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormones, and triclosan) were selected as target analytes, covering a range of hydrophobicity (LogP) of 3.1 to 5.2. The optimized procedure was used for the determination of the target pharmaceutical analytes in wastewater samples as model analytical problem. Absolute extraction recoveries were in the range of 51% to 103%. The presented method permits the determination of the target analytes at the low ng mL<sup>−1</sup> level, ranging from 0.8 to 5.9 (except for Triclosan, 106 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>) with good precision (relative standard deviation lower than 6%) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet (DAD) and fluorescence (FLR) detection. The microextraction alternative resulted in a fast, simple, and green method for a wide variety of analytes in environmental water sample. The results suggest that this type of solvent turns out to be a great alternative for the determination of different analytes in relatively complex water samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:49:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83e5a4baee9c41c885a2d17d4efeb43f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:49:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-83e5a4baee9c41c885a2d17d4efeb43f2022-12-22T01:55:37ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-12-012518610.3390/molecules25010086molecules25010086Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater SamplesGuillermo Lasarte-Aragonés0Alejandro Álvarez-Lueje1Ricardo Salazar2Carla Toledo-Neira3Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Edificio Marie Curie Anexo, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, SpainDepartamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494 Santiago, ChileLaboratorio de Electroquímica MedioAmbiental, LEQMA, Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, 9170022 Santiago, ChileLaboratorio de Electroquímica MedioAmbiental, LEQMA, Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, 9170022 Santiago, ChileIn the present work, the effectiveness of switchable hydrophobicity solvents (SHSs) as extraction solvent (<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA), <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Diethylethanamine (TEA), and <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Benzyldimethylamine (DMBA)) for a variety of emerging pollutants was evaluated. Different pharmaceutical products (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormones, and triclosan) were selected as target analytes, covering a range of hydrophobicity (LogP) of 3.1 to 5.2. The optimized procedure was used for the determination of the target pharmaceutical analytes in wastewater samples as model analytical problem. Absolute extraction recoveries were in the range of 51% to 103%. The presented method permits the determination of the target analytes at the low ng mL<sup>−1</sup> level, ranging from 0.8 to 5.9 (except for Triclosan, 106 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>) with good precision (relative standard deviation lower than 6%) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet (DAD) and fluorescence (FLR) detection. The microextraction alternative resulted in a fast, simple, and green method for a wide variety of analytes in environmental water sample. The results suggest that this type of solvent turns out to be a great alternative for the determination of different analytes in relatively complex water samples.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/1/86emerging contaminantsswitchable hydrophobicity solventshomogeneous liquid-liquid microextractionhigh-performance liquid chromatographypartition coefficient |
| spellingShingle | Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés Alejandro Álvarez-Lueje Ricardo Salazar Carla Toledo-Neira Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples Molecules emerging contaminants switchable hydrophobicity solvents homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction high-performance liquid chromatography partition coefficient |
| title | Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples |
| title_full | Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples |
| title_fullStr | Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples |
| title_short | Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples |
| title_sort | application of switchable hydrophobicity solvents for extraction of emerging contaminants in wastewater samples |
| topic | emerging contaminants switchable hydrophobicity solvents homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction high-performance liquid chromatography partition coefficient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/1/86 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT guillermolasartearagones applicationofswitchablehydrophobicitysolventsforextractionofemergingcontaminantsinwastewatersamples AT alejandroalvarezlueje applicationofswitchablehydrophobicitysolventsforextractionofemergingcontaminantsinwastewatersamples AT ricardosalazar applicationofswitchablehydrophobicitysolventsforextractionofemergingcontaminantsinwastewatersamples AT carlatoledoneira applicationofswitchablehydrophobicitysolventsforextractionofemergingcontaminantsinwastewatersamples |