Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications
The cross-linked hierarchical structure in biological systems provides insight into the development of innovative material structures. Specifically, the sarcoplasmic reticulum muscle is able to transmit electrical impulses in skeletal muscle due to its cross-linked hierarchical tubular cell structur...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/2/208 |
| _version_ | 1827663681984397312 |
|---|---|
| author | Sidra Saleemi Mohamed Amine Aouraghe Xiaoxiao Wei Wei Liu Li Liu M. Irfan Siyal Jihyun Bae Fujun Xu |
| author_facet | Sidra Saleemi Mohamed Amine Aouraghe Xiaoxiao Wei Wei Liu Li Liu M. Irfan Siyal Jihyun Bae Fujun Xu |
| author_sort | Sidra Saleemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cross-linked hierarchical structure in biological systems provides insight into the development of innovative material structures. Specifically, the sarcoplasmic reticulum muscle is able to transmit electrical impulses in skeletal muscle due to its cross-linked hierarchical tubular cell structure. Inspired by the cross-linked tubular cell structure, we designed and built chemical cross-links between the carbon nanotubes within the carbon nanotube yarn (CNT yarn) structure by an esterification reaction. Consequently, compared with the pristine CNT yarn, its electrical conductivity dramatically enhanced 348%, from 557 S/cm to 1950 S/cm. Furthermore, when applied with three voltages, the electro-thermal temperature of esterified CNT yarn reached 261 °C, much higher than that of pristine CNT yarn (175 °C). In addition, the esterified CNT yarn exhibits a linear and stable piezo-resistive response, with a 158% enhanced gauge factor (the ratio of electrical resistance changing to strain change ~1.9). The superconductivity, flexibility, and stable sensitivity of the esterified flexible CNT yarn demonstrate its great potential in the applications of intelligent devices, smart clothing, or other advanced composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:49:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83e76197581241569120ac8ae557b802 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:49:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-83e76197581241569120ac8ae557b8022023-11-23T14:54:39ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-01-0112220810.3390/nano12020208Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional ApplicationsSidra Saleemi0Mohamed Amine Aouraghe1Xiaoxiao Wei2Wei Liu3Li Liu4M. Irfan Siyal5Jihyun Bae6Fujun Xu7Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, ChinaKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, ChinaKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, ChinaSchool of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, ChinaKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, ChinaDepartment of Textiles and Clothing, National Textile University, Karachi Campus, Karachi 74900, PakistanHuman-Tech Convergence Program, Department of Clothing and Textiles, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, KoreaKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, ChinaThe cross-linked hierarchical structure in biological systems provides insight into the development of innovative material structures. Specifically, the sarcoplasmic reticulum muscle is able to transmit electrical impulses in skeletal muscle due to its cross-linked hierarchical tubular cell structure. Inspired by the cross-linked tubular cell structure, we designed and built chemical cross-links between the carbon nanotubes within the carbon nanotube yarn (CNT yarn) structure by an esterification reaction. Consequently, compared with the pristine CNT yarn, its electrical conductivity dramatically enhanced 348%, from 557 S/cm to 1950 S/cm. Furthermore, when applied with three voltages, the electro-thermal temperature of esterified CNT yarn reached 261 °C, much higher than that of pristine CNT yarn (175 °C). In addition, the esterified CNT yarn exhibits a linear and stable piezo-resistive response, with a 158% enhanced gauge factor (the ratio of electrical resistance changing to strain change ~1.9). The superconductivity, flexibility, and stable sensitivity of the esterified flexible CNT yarn demonstrate its great potential in the applications of intelligent devices, smart clothing, or other advanced composites.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/2/208bio-inspiredcarbon nanotube yarnesterificationmicrostructureselectrical propertiessmart materials |
| spellingShingle | Sidra Saleemi Mohamed Amine Aouraghe Xiaoxiao Wei Wei Liu Li Liu M. Irfan Siyal Jihyun Bae Fujun Xu Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications Nanomaterials bio-inspired carbon nanotube yarn esterification microstructures electrical properties smart materials |
| title | Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications |
| title_full | Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications |
| title_fullStr | Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications |
| title_short | Bio-Inspired Hierarchical Carbon Nanotube Yarn with Ester Bond Cross-Linkages towards High Conductivity for Multifunctional Applications |
| title_sort | bio inspired hierarchical carbon nanotube yarn with ester bond cross linkages towards high conductivity for multifunctional applications |
| topic | bio-inspired carbon nanotube yarn esterification microstructures electrical properties smart materials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/2/208 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sidrasaleemi bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT mohamedamineaouraghe bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT xiaoxiaowei bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT weiliu bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT liliu bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT mirfansiyal bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT jihyunbae bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications AT fujunxu bioinspiredhierarchicalcarbonnanotubeyarnwithesterbondcrosslinkagestowardshighconductivityformultifunctionalapplications |