Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Beneficial off-target effects of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination might offer general protection from respiratory tract infections. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ascertain BCG vaccination effectiveness against COV...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1154 |
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| author | Jiayu Wen Quanxian Liu Daoyan Tang Jian-Qing He |
| author_facet | Jiayu Wen Quanxian Liu Daoyan Tang Jian-Qing He |
| author_sort | Jiayu Wen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Beneficial off-target effects of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination might offer general protection from respiratory tract infections. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ascertain BCG vaccination effectiveness against COVID-19. We looked up English RCTs from 1 January 2019 to 15 November 2022 in Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Nine RCTs, including 7963 participants, were included. The infection rate of COVID-19 was not decreased in people who were vaccinated with BCG (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.82–1.13; I<sup>2</sup> = 4%), and the BCG vaccination group did not have decreased COVID-19 related-hospitalization (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.37–1.18; I<sup>2</sup> = 42%), admission to the ICU (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05–1.18; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%), and mortality (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.17–2.44; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%) compared with the control group. There is not sufficient evidence to support the use of BCG vaccination in the prevention of COVID-19 infection and severe COVID-19 and avoid overstating the role of BCG vaccination leading to its misuse. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83e76d13dbe44618b750940e2bc635df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:38:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-83e76d13dbe44618b750940e2bc635df2023-11-16T17:12:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-02-01123115410.3390/jcm12031154Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsJiayu Wen0Quanxian Liu1Daoyan Tang2Jian-Qing He3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaBeneficial off-target effects of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination might offer general protection from respiratory tract infections. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ascertain BCG vaccination effectiveness against COVID-19. We looked up English RCTs from 1 January 2019 to 15 November 2022 in Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Nine RCTs, including 7963 participants, were included. The infection rate of COVID-19 was not decreased in people who were vaccinated with BCG (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.82–1.13; I<sup>2</sup> = 4%), and the BCG vaccination group did not have decreased COVID-19 related-hospitalization (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.37–1.18; I<sup>2</sup> = 42%), admission to the ICU (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05–1.18; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%), and mortality (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.17–2.44; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%) compared with the control group. There is not sufficient evidence to support the use of BCG vaccination in the prevention of COVID-19 infection and severe COVID-19 and avoid overstating the role of BCG vaccination leading to its misuse.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1154COVID-19BCGvaccinetrained immunitySARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Jiayu Wen Quanxian Liu Daoyan Tang Jian-Qing He Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Journal of Clinical Medicine COVID-19 BCG vaccine trained immunity SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full | Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_short | Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |
| title_sort | efficacy of bcg vaccination against covid 19 systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials |
| topic | COVID-19 BCG vaccine trained immunity SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/3/1154 |
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