<em>Dainavà</em>. Vardo reikšmė, istorija ir kilmė
<p><strong><em>Dainavà. </em></strong><strong>MEANING,</strong><strong> HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF THE NAME</strong></p><p><em>Summary</em></p><p>Several villages in Southern Lithuania bear the name <em>Daina...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
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Vilnius University
2011-12-01
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| Series: | Baltistica |
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| Online Access: | http://www.baltistica.lt/index.php/baltistica/article/view/1140 |
| Summary: | <p><strong><em>Dainavà. </em></strong><strong>MEANING,</strong><strong> HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF THE NAME</strong></p><p><em>Summary</em></p><p>Several villages in Southern Lithuania bear the name <em>Dainavà </em>(acc. sg. <em>Daĩnavą). </em>There is a village of this name, inhabitated by the Lithuanians, also in Byelorussia, in Grodno region, Zietela district (in Byelorussian <em>Dziatlovo </em>as well as <em>Diatlovo). </em>The name is attested in 13<sup>th</sup> c. historical sources written in Latin: <em>Deynowe, Denowe. </em>In 16<sup>th</sup> c. Russian chronicles we find <em>Doinova </em>(<em>Дойнова</em>)<strong><em>. </em></strong>It has been long ago assumed by investigators that this was the Lithuanian name for the Yatvingians, a tribe of the Western Balts. In addition to this, there are ten villages in Aukštaičiai (in the Highlands of Lithuania) called <em>Dainiaĩ. </em>It was suggested by historians that in some cases these villages got the name from the name plur. <em>*dainiaĩ </em>(sg. <em>*dainỹs) </em>of the population of the Dainava region.</p><p>In Lithuanian there are adjectives <em>dienì </em>and <em>dienė̃ </em>„pregnant, with calf, in foal” (< <em>*dēin(i)i̯o-), </em>used, e. g., in <em>dienì kárvė </em>„cow, that calves“, <em>dienì kumẽlė </em>„mare in foal“.</p><p>Lith. <em>diẽndaržis </em>„cattleyard; enclosure“ etymologically correspond to Latv. <em>dìendā̀rzs, dìendā̀rzs<sup>2</sup>, </em><em>diendaržis </em>„cattlehurdle“. They are compounds that contain Baltic <em>* diena, </em><em>*diene </em>(acc. sg. <em>*diẽną, *diẽnę) </em>subst. fem. „cow“ and Lith. <em>dar̃žas, </em>Latv. <em>dā̀rzs </em>„kitchen-garden“. It is possible to reconstruct East Baltic <em>* </em><em>diena, </em><em>* </em><em>diene </em>(acc. sg. <em>* diẽną, *diẽnę) </em>subst. fem. „cow“ which derive from Protobaltic nouns <em>*dḗinā, *dḗinē </em>subst. fem. „cow“.</p><p>In the East Latvian dialects we found <em>atdiẽne </em>„a cow, that calves in the second year“, <em>adaine, </em><em>a[t]daîne </em>„a cow, that calves in the second year“, which contain a prefix<em> at-</em> and Baltic *<em>diena, </em><em>*diene </em>subst. fem. „cow“ respectively <em>*dā́inē </em>„cow“.</p><p>OInd. <em>dhenúḥ </em>fem. „(milk) cow; female“, Avesta <em>daēnu- </em>fem. „female“, <em>u </em>stem, OInd. <em>dhénā </em>fem. „female; milk-cow; brests“, <em>ā </em>stem, seem to be etymological cognates of these Baltic words.</p><p>So there are good grounds for believing that the name of the inhabitants of the former region Dainava pl. <em>* dainiaĩ </em>(sg. <em>*dainỹs, </em>acc. sg. <em>*dáinin </em>< <em>*dāinin) </em>with a primitive meaning „cow-herds, cow-boys“ in historical-comparative aspect is connected with <em>*dā́inē </em>„cow“. From the very outset, the name pl. *<em>dainiaĩ </em>with the suffix <em>*-(i)i̯o- </em>evidently must have meant tribesmen as countable members of a tribe. <em>Dainavà, </em><em>Dainuvà, </em>derivatives with the suffixes <em>–ava/-uva, </em>might have been collective names for the ethnic group as an indivisible whole.</p><p>It seems that the names <em>Dainavà, Dainuvà </em>have etymologically nothing to do with the hydronyms <em>Dainavà </em><em>Daĩn-upis </em>etc., as has been assumed by some scholars, then they may represent quite a different root. They are most likely derived with a suffix <em>-n-</em> from the root <em>*deih<sub>1</sub>- </em>„spank along, dash, speed along; turn, go round“, which is attested in Latv. <em>diêt </em><em>(deju) </em>„to dance; to jump (about), leap; to sing“, OInd. <em>dī́yati </em>„he flies, soars“, Gr. <em>δινέω</em>, <em>δινεύω</em> „to turn, twist, swing...“.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 0132-6503 2345-0045 |