Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition
Phase transitions happen at critical values of the controlling parameters, such as the critical temperature in classical phase transitions, and system critical parameters in the quantum case. However, true criticality happens only at the thermodynamic limit, when the number of particles goes to infi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230 |
| _version_ | 1827306310970900480 |
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| author | Sabre Kais |
| author_facet | Sabre Kais |
| author_sort | Sabre Kais |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phase transitions happen at critical values of the controlling parameters, such as the critical temperature in classical phase transitions, and system critical parameters in the quantum case. However, true criticality happens only at the thermodynamic limit, when the number of particles goes to infinity with constant density. To perform the calculations for the critical parameters, a finite-size scaling approach was developed to extrapolate information from a finite system to the thermodynamic limit. With the advancement in the experimental and theoretical work in the field of ultra-cold systems, particularly trapping and controlling single atomic and molecular systems, one can ask: do finite systems exhibit quantum phase transition? To address this question, finite-size scaling for finite systems was developed to calculate the quantum critical parameters. The recent observation of a quantum phase transition in a single trapped <i><sup>171</sup> Yb<sup>+</sup></i> ion indicates the possibility of quantum phase transitions in finite systems. This perspective focuses on examining chemical processes at ultra-cold temperatures, as quantum phase transitions—particularly the formation and dissociation of chemical bonds—are the basic processes for understanding the whole of chemistry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:19:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-840e42adfc6b48bd96839c40878bc318 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:19:14Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-840e42adfc6b48bd96839c40878bc3182024-03-27T13:36:54ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002024-03-0126323010.3390/e26030230Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase TransitionSabre Kais0Department of Chemistry and Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USAPhase transitions happen at critical values of the controlling parameters, such as the critical temperature in classical phase transitions, and system critical parameters in the quantum case. However, true criticality happens only at the thermodynamic limit, when the number of particles goes to infinity with constant density. To perform the calculations for the critical parameters, a finite-size scaling approach was developed to extrapolate information from a finite system to the thermodynamic limit. With the advancement in the experimental and theoretical work in the field of ultra-cold systems, particularly trapping and controlling single atomic and molecular systems, one can ask: do finite systems exhibit quantum phase transition? To address this question, finite-size scaling for finite systems was developed to calculate the quantum critical parameters. The recent observation of a quantum phase transition in a single trapped <i><sup>171</sup> Yb<sup>+</sup></i> ion indicates the possibility of quantum phase transitions in finite systems. This perspective focuses on examining chemical processes at ultra-cold temperatures, as quantum phase transitions—particularly the formation and dissociation of chemical bonds—are the basic processes for understanding the whole of chemistry.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230quantum phase transitionsfinite-size scalingformation of chemical bond |
| spellingShingle | Sabre Kais Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition Entropy quantum phase transitions finite-size scaling formation of chemical bond |
| title | Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition |
| title_full | Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition |
| title_fullStr | Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition |
| title_short | Walking with the Atoms in a Chemical Bond: A Perspective Using Quantum Phase Transition |
| title_sort | walking with the atoms in a chemical bond a perspective using quantum phase transition |
| topic | quantum phase transitions finite-size scaling formation of chemical bond |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/3/230 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sabrekais walkingwiththeatomsinachemicalbondaperspectiveusingquantumphasetransition |