Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance
The focus of this study is on the grid-forming operation of the Energy Router (ER) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). ER is regarded as a key component of microgrids. It is a converter that interfaces the microgrid (s) with the utility grid. The ER has a multiport structure and bidirectional e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/11/4010 |
| _version_ | 1797493512823898112 |
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| author | Mahdieh Najafzadeh Natalia Strzelecka Oleksandr Husev Indrek Roasto Kawsar Nassereddine Dmitri Vinnikov Ryszard Strzelecki |
| author_facet | Mahdieh Najafzadeh Natalia Strzelecka Oleksandr Husev Indrek Roasto Kawsar Nassereddine Dmitri Vinnikov Ryszard Strzelecki |
| author_sort | Mahdieh Najafzadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The focus of this study is on the grid-forming operation of the Energy Router (ER) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). ER is regarded as a key component of microgrids. It is a converter that interfaces the microgrid (s) with the utility grid. The ER has a multiport structure and bidirectional energy flow control. The ER concept can be implemented in Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEB) to provide flexible energy control. A concept is proposed where the ER works as a single grid-forming converter. The challenge is to keep the predefined reference voltage and frequency inside the NZEB in all possible modes, including the idle operation mode, current sources, and nonlinear load control. To gain stability and output voltage quality, the MPC is proposed. The design of the modified MPC algorithm with improved dynamics performance is explained. PLECS software is utilized to verify the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate the suitable performance of the proposed control method in terms of total harmonic distortion of the output voltage. The influence of weighting coefficiencies is evaluated, showing the higher impact of the capacitor filter voltage on lowering the total harmonics distortion of the output voltage. Finally, the capability of the control system toward step change in the reference value is evaluated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:21:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8413589a8207474aa77eca821db79149 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:21:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8413589a8207474aa77eca821db791492023-11-23T13:58:51ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-05-011511401010.3390/en15114010Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic PerformanceMahdieh Najafzadeh0Natalia Strzelecka1Oleksandr Husev2Indrek Roasto3Kawsar Nassereddine4Dmitri Vinnikov5Ryszard Strzelecki6Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, PolandDepartment of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaDepartment of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaFaculty of Engineering, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, LebanonDepartment of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, EstoniaFaculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandThe focus of this study is on the grid-forming operation of the Energy Router (ER) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). ER is regarded as a key component of microgrids. It is a converter that interfaces the microgrid (s) with the utility grid. The ER has a multiport structure and bidirectional energy flow control. The ER concept can be implemented in Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEB) to provide flexible energy control. A concept is proposed where the ER works as a single grid-forming converter. The challenge is to keep the predefined reference voltage and frequency inside the NZEB in all possible modes, including the idle operation mode, current sources, and nonlinear load control. To gain stability and output voltage quality, the MPC is proposed. The design of the modified MPC algorithm with improved dynamics performance is explained. PLECS software is utilized to verify the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate the suitable performance of the proposed control method in terms of total harmonic distortion of the output voltage. The influence of weighting coefficiencies is evaluated, showing the higher impact of the capacitor filter voltage on lowering the total harmonics distortion of the output voltage. Finally, the capability of the control system toward step change in the reference value is evaluated.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/11/4010energy routercurrent sourcesnonlinear loadgrid-forming controlbidirectional power flow controlmodel predictive control |
| spellingShingle | Mahdieh Najafzadeh Natalia Strzelecka Oleksandr Husev Indrek Roasto Kawsar Nassereddine Dmitri Vinnikov Ryszard Strzelecki Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance Energies energy router current sources nonlinear load grid-forming control bidirectional power flow control model predictive control |
| title | Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance |
| title_full | Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance |
| title_fullStr | Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance |
| title_short | Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance |
| title_sort | grid forming operation of energy router based on model predictive control with improved dynamic performance |
| topic | energy router current sources nonlinear load grid-forming control bidirectional power flow control model predictive control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/11/4010 |
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