In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition
Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) cause intestinal discomfort in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). An enzyme mix (2500 SU invertase, 2400 GalU α-galactosidase, 10,000 ALU β-galactosidase) optimized for FODMAP digestion, and/or human milk...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1637 |
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| author | Van T. Pham Robert E. Steinert Cindy Duysburgh Jonas Ghyselinck Massimo Marzorati Peter J. T. Dekker |
| author_facet | Van T. Pham Robert E. Steinert Cindy Duysburgh Jonas Ghyselinck Massimo Marzorati Peter J. T. Dekker |
| author_sort | Van T. Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) cause intestinal discomfort in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). An enzyme mix (2500 SU invertase, 2400 GalU α-galactosidase, 10,000 ALU β-galactosidase) optimized for FODMAP digestion, and/or human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) (2′-FL, DFL, and LNnT), were evaluated for effects on microbial community activity and composition in short-term colonic incubations using the fecal microbiota of four patients with IBS-D symptoms under the following test conditions: (i) FODMAP, (ii) pre-digested (with enzyme mix) FODMAP, (iii) FODMAP + HMO, and (iv) pre-digested FODMAP + HMO. Pre-digested FODMAP reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production versus FODMAP; HMO restored this. A 10-day experiment with the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME<sup>®</sup>), using fecal samples from two patients with IBS-D, further evaluated these findings. FODMAP resulted in decreased microbial diversity versus blank. Pre-digestion with the enzyme mix restored microbial diversity, improved FODMAP digestibility, and reduced gas pressure versus undigested FODMAP; however, SCFA production decreased. HMO restored SCFA production along with an increase in gas pressure and increased abundance of <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>. When used in combination, the FODMAP enzyme mix and HMO may resolve FODMAP-related IBS symptoms while maintaining a healthy gut microbiome via prebiotic activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:54Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-84158c4d87604a3587792e005e442f152023-11-17T17:19:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-03-01157163710.3390/nu15071637In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota CompositionVan T. Pham0Robert E. Steinert1Cindy Duysburgh2Jonas Ghyselinck3Massimo Marzorati4Peter J. T. Dekker5DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, SwitzerlandDSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, SwitzerlandProDigest, Technologiepark 82, Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumProDigest, Technologiepark 82, Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumProDigest, Technologiepark 82, Zwijnaarde, 9052 Ghent, BelgiumDSM Food & Beverage, Center for Food Innovation, Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX Delft, The NetherlandsFermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) cause intestinal discomfort in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). An enzyme mix (2500 SU invertase, 2400 GalU α-galactosidase, 10,000 ALU β-galactosidase) optimized for FODMAP digestion, and/or human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) (2′-FL, DFL, and LNnT), were evaluated for effects on microbial community activity and composition in short-term colonic incubations using the fecal microbiota of four patients with IBS-D symptoms under the following test conditions: (i) FODMAP, (ii) pre-digested (with enzyme mix) FODMAP, (iii) FODMAP + HMO, and (iv) pre-digested FODMAP + HMO. Pre-digested FODMAP reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production versus FODMAP; HMO restored this. A 10-day experiment with the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME<sup>®</sup>), using fecal samples from two patients with IBS-D, further evaluated these findings. FODMAP resulted in decreased microbial diversity versus blank. Pre-digestion with the enzyme mix restored microbial diversity, improved FODMAP digestibility, and reduced gas pressure versus undigested FODMAP; however, SCFA production decreased. HMO restored SCFA production along with an increase in gas pressure and increased abundance of <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>. When used in combination, the FODMAP enzyme mix and HMO may resolve FODMAP-related IBS symptoms while maintaining a healthy gut microbiome via prebiotic activity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1637α-galactosidaseβ-galactosidasedigestive enzymesFODMAPhuman milk oligosaccharideinflammatory bowel syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Van T. Pham Robert E. Steinert Cindy Duysburgh Jonas Ghyselinck Massimo Marzorati Peter J. T. Dekker In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition Nutrients α-galactosidase β-galactosidase digestive enzymes FODMAP human milk oligosaccharide inflammatory bowel syndrome |
| title | In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition |
| title_full | In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition |
| title_short | In Vitro Effect of Enzymes and Human Milk Oligosaccharides on FODMAP Digestion and Fecal Microbiota Composition |
| title_sort | in vitro effect of enzymes and human milk oligosaccharides on fodmap digestion and fecal microbiota composition |
| topic | α-galactosidase β-galactosidase digestive enzymes FODMAP human milk oligosaccharide inflammatory bowel syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1637 |
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