Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach
Shaping off-job life is becoming increasingly important for workers to increase and maintain their optimal functioning (i.e., feeling and performing well). Proactively shaping the job domain (referred to as job crafting) has been extensively studied, but crafting in the off-job domain has received m...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959296/full |
| _version_ | 1798000396404260864 |
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| author | Miika Kujanpää Miika Kujanpää Christine Syrek Louis Tay Ulla Kinnunen Anne Mäkikangas Akihito Shimazu Christopher W. Wiese Rebecca Brauchli Georg F. Bauer Philipp Kerksieck Hiroyuki Toyama Jessica de Bloom Jessica de Bloom |
| author_facet | Miika Kujanpää Miika Kujanpää Christine Syrek Louis Tay Ulla Kinnunen Anne Mäkikangas Akihito Shimazu Christopher W. Wiese Rebecca Brauchli Georg F. Bauer Philipp Kerksieck Hiroyuki Toyama Jessica de Bloom Jessica de Bloom |
| author_sort | Miika Kujanpää |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Shaping off-job life is becoming increasingly important for workers to increase and maintain their optimal functioning (i.e., feeling and performing well). Proactively shaping the job domain (referred to as job crafting) has been extensively studied, but crafting in the off-job domain has received markedly less research attention. Based on the Integrative Needs Model of Crafting, needs-based off-job crafting is defined as workers’ proactive and self-initiated changes in their off-job lives, which target psychological needs satisfaction. Off-job crafting is posited as a possible means for workers to fulfill their needs and enhance well-being and performance over time. We developed a new scale to measure off-job crafting and examined its relationships to optimal functioning in different work contexts in different regions around the world (the United States, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Finland, Japan, and the United Kingdom). Furthermore, we examined the criterion, convergent, incremental, discriminant, and structural validity evidence of the Needs-based Off-job Crafting Scale using multiple methods (longitudinal and cross-sectional survey studies, an “example generation”-task). The results showed that off-job crafting was related to optimal functioning over time, especially in the off-job domain but also in the job domain. Moreover, the novel off-job crafting scale had good convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability. To conclude, our series of studies in various countries show that off-job crafting can enhance optimal functioning in different life domains and support people in performing their duties sustainably. Therefore, shaping off-job life may be beneficial in an intensified and continually changing and challenging working life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:19:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84162b2ec5a14ceababac5f73f60d434 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:19:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-84162b2ec5a14ceababac5f73f60d4342022-12-22T04:27:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-09-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.959296959296Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approachMiika Kujanpää0Miika Kujanpää1Christine Syrek2Louis Tay3Ulla Kinnunen4Anne Mäkikangas5Akihito Shimazu6Christopher W. Wiese7Rebecca Brauchli8Georg F. Bauer9Philipp Kerksieck10Hiroyuki Toyama11Jessica de Bloom12Jessica de Bloom13Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandSchool of Business, University of South-Eastern Norway, Hønefoss, NorwayDepartment of Management Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Rheinbach, GermanyDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesFaculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandFaculty of Social Sciences (Work Research Centre), Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandFaculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, JapanSchool of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDigitization Initiative of the Zurich Universities, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandPublic and Organizational Health, Center of Salutogenesis, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandPublic and Organizational Health, Center of Salutogenesis, Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland0Department of Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandFaculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland1Department of HRM & OB, University of Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsShaping off-job life is becoming increasingly important for workers to increase and maintain their optimal functioning (i.e., feeling and performing well). Proactively shaping the job domain (referred to as job crafting) has been extensively studied, but crafting in the off-job domain has received markedly less research attention. Based on the Integrative Needs Model of Crafting, needs-based off-job crafting is defined as workers’ proactive and self-initiated changes in their off-job lives, which target psychological needs satisfaction. Off-job crafting is posited as a possible means for workers to fulfill their needs and enhance well-being and performance over time. We developed a new scale to measure off-job crafting and examined its relationships to optimal functioning in different work contexts in different regions around the world (the United States, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Finland, Japan, and the United Kingdom). Furthermore, we examined the criterion, convergent, incremental, discriminant, and structural validity evidence of the Needs-based Off-job Crafting Scale using multiple methods (longitudinal and cross-sectional survey studies, an “example generation”-task). The results showed that off-job crafting was related to optimal functioning over time, especially in the off-job domain but also in the job domain. Moreover, the novel off-job crafting scale had good convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability. To conclude, our series of studies in various countries show that off-job crafting can enhance optimal functioning in different life domains and support people in performing their duties sustainably. Therefore, shaping off-job life may be beneficial in an intensified and continually changing and challenging working life.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959296/fulloff-job craftingleisure craftingoptimal functioningintegrative needs model of craftingneeds satisfactionDRAMMA model |
| spellingShingle | Miika Kujanpää Miika Kujanpää Christine Syrek Louis Tay Ulla Kinnunen Anne Mäkikangas Akihito Shimazu Christopher W. Wiese Rebecca Brauchli Georg F. Bauer Philipp Kerksieck Hiroyuki Toyama Jessica de Bloom Jessica de Bloom Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach Frontiers in Psychology off-job crafting leisure crafting optimal functioning integrative needs model of crafting needs satisfaction DRAMMA model |
| title | Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| title_full | Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| title_fullStr | Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| title_short | Needs-based off-job crafting across different life domains and contexts: Testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| title_sort | needs based off job crafting across different life domains and contexts testing a novel conceptual and measurement approach |
| topic | off-job crafting leisure crafting optimal functioning integrative needs model of crafting needs satisfaction DRAMMA model |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959296/full |
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