Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial
Abstract Background The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA), and the potential impact of n-3PUFA supplementation, in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of daily high-dose-bolus...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-020-01094-5 |
| _version_ | 1798022720852590592 |
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| author | Lauren L. O’Mahoney Gareth Dunseath Rachel Churm Mel Holmes Christine Boesch Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou Ramzi A. Ajjan Karen M. Birch Nicolas M. Orsi Georgia Mappa Oliver J. Price Matthew D. Campbell |
| author_facet | Lauren L. O’Mahoney Gareth Dunseath Rachel Churm Mel Holmes Christine Boesch Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou Ramzi A. Ajjan Karen M. Birch Nicolas M. Orsi Georgia Mappa Oliver J. Price Matthew D. Campbell |
| author_sort | Lauren L. O’Mahoney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA), and the potential impact of n-3PUFA supplementation, in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of daily high-dose-bolus n-3PUFA supplementation on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in subjects with T1D. Methods Twenty-seven adults with T1D were recruited to a 6-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects received either 3.3 g/day of encapsulated n-3PUFA or encapsulated 3.0 g/day corn oil placebo (PLA) for 6-months, with follow-up at 9-months after 3-month washout. Erythrocyte fatty acid composition was determined via gas chromatography. Endpoints included inflammation-associated endothelial biomarkers (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], E-selectin, P-selectin, pentraxin-3, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]), and their mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα] analysed via immunoassay, vascular structure (carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) and function (brachial artery flow mediated dilation [FMD]) determined via ultrasound technique, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial metabolism. Results Twenty subjects completed the trial in full. In the n-3PUFA group, the mean ± SD baseline n-3PUFA index of 4.93 ± 0.94% increased to 7.67 ± 1.86% (P < 0.001) after 3-months, and 8.29 ± 1.45% (P < 0.001) after 6-months. Total exposure to n-3PUFA over the 6-months (area under the curve) was 14.27 ± 3.05% per month under n-3PUFA, and 9.11 ± 2.74% per month under PLA (P < 0.001). VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, pentraxin-3, VEGF, TNFα, CIMT, FMD, blood pressure, HbA1c, FPG, and postprandial metabolism did not differ between or within groups after treatment (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study indicates that daily high-dose-bolus of n-3PUFA supplementation for 6-months does not improve vascular health, glucose homeostasis, or metabolic parameters in subjects with T1D. The findings from this preliminary RCT do not support the use of therapeutic n-3PUFA supplementation in the treatment and management of T1D and its associated complications. Trial Registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN40811115. Registered 27 June 2017, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN40811115 . |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:34:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-841718ca3b6540cfa2428c513944997e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2840 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T17:34:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cardiovascular Diabetology |
| spelling | doaj.art-841718ca3b6540cfa2428c513944997e2022-12-22T04:11:44ZengBMCCardiovascular Diabetology1475-28402020-08-0119111010.1186/s12933-020-01094-5Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trialLauren L. O’Mahoney0Gareth Dunseath1Rachel Churm2Mel Holmes3Christine Boesch4Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou5Ramzi A. Ajjan6Karen M. Birch7Nicolas M. Orsi8Georgia Mappa9Oliver J. Price10Matthew D. Campbell11Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett UniversityDiabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea UniversityApplied Sports, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, Swansea UniversitySchool of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of LeedsSchool of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of LeedsCarnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett UniversityLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of LeedsSchool of Biomedical Sciences, University of LeedsLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, St James’s University HospitalLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, St James’s University HospitalCarnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett UniversitySchool of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of LeedsAbstract Background The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA), and the potential impact of n-3PUFA supplementation, in the treatment and management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear and controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the efficacy of daily high-dose-bolus n-3PUFA supplementation on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in subjects with T1D. Methods Twenty-seven adults with T1D were recruited to a 6-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects received either 3.3 g/day of encapsulated n-3PUFA or encapsulated 3.0 g/day corn oil placebo (PLA) for 6-months, with follow-up at 9-months after 3-month washout. Erythrocyte fatty acid composition was determined via gas chromatography. Endpoints included inflammation-associated endothelial biomarkers (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], E-selectin, P-selectin, pentraxin-3, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]), and their mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα] analysed via immunoassay, vascular structure (carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) and function (brachial artery flow mediated dilation [FMD]) determined via ultrasound technique, blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial metabolism. Results Twenty subjects completed the trial in full. In the n-3PUFA group, the mean ± SD baseline n-3PUFA index of 4.93 ± 0.94% increased to 7.67 ± 1.86% (P < 0.001) after 3-months, and 8.29 ± 1.45% (P < 0.001) after 6-months. Total exposure to n-3PUFA over the 6-months (area under the curve) was 14.27 ± 3.05% per month under n-3PUFA, and 9.11 ± 2.74% per month under PLA (P < 0.001). VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, pentraxin-3, VEGF, TNFα, CIMT, FMD, blood pressure, HbA1c, FPG, and postprandial metabolism did not differ between or within groups after treatment (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study indicates that daily high-dose-bolus of n-3PUFA supplementation for 6-months does not improve vascular health, glucose homeostasis, or metabolic parameters in subjects with T1D. The findings from this preliminary RCT do not support the use of therapeutic n-3PUFA supplementation in the treatment and management of T1D and its associated complications. Trial Registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN40811115. Registered 27 June 2017, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN40811115 .http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-020-01094-5Type 1 diabetesOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsVascular healthGlycaemic control |
| spellingShingle | Lauren L. O’Mahoney Gareth Dunseath Rachel Churm Mel Holmes Christine Boesch Antonios Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou Ramzi A. Ajjan Karen M. Birch Nicolas M. Orsi Georgia Mappa Oliver J. Price Matthew D. Campbell Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial Cardiovascular Diabetology Type 1 diabetes Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Vascular health Glycaemic control |
| title | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| title_full | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| title_fullStr | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| title_short | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| title_sort | omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health glycaemic control and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes a randomised controlled preliminary trial |
| topic | Type 1 diabetes Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Vascular health Glycaemic control |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12933-020-01094-5 |
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