Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan
OBJECTIVES Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibodies (Abs) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) Abs is performed to detect prior COVID-19 infection. It is still contr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/11795484221075492 |
| _version_ | 1811271911356760064 |
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| author | Hiroshi Furukawa Shomi Oka Takashi Higuchi Miho Yamaguchi Shota Uchiyama Tomohiro Koiwa Moriyuki Nakama Masaaki Minegishi Hideaki Nagai Shigeto Tohma |
| author_facet | Hiroshi Furukawa Shomi Oka Takashi Higuchi Miho Yamaguchi Shota Uchiyama Tomohiro Koiwa Moriyuki Nakama Masaaki Minegishi Hideaki Nagai Shigeto Tohma |
| author_sort | Hiroshi Furukawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | OBJECTIVES Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibodies (Abs) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) Abs is performed to detect prior COVID-19 infection. It is still controversial which antibodies are the most sensitive and specific, and which can be detected earliest after infection. Here, we evaluated the results of serological tests of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs in Japan. METHODS Symptomatic COVID-19 patients (n = 84) and control patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 93) were recruited at Tokyo National Hospital. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs were measured by commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. RESULTS The fraction of patients positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs was highest >14 days after symptom onset. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Ab positivity at this time (80.4%) tended to be slightly but not significantly lower than anti-SARS-CoV-2 N Ab positivity (84.8%). Optimized cut-off levels for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Ab positivity were lower than the manufacturer's recommended cut-off levels. Using multiple linear regression analyzes with anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs, we created an Ab-index with high sensitivity. CONCLUSION To increase the sensitivity of serological diagnostic tests for COVID-19, it is suggested that both anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs should be measured and cut-off levels decreased. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-841bfe5db8ef47f2a19f3aacaca70ea6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-5484 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:30:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-841bfe5db8ef47f2a19f3aacaca70ea62022-12-22T03:13:59ZengSAGE PublishingClinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine1179-54842022-04-011610.1177/11795484221075492Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in JapanHiroshi Furukawa0Shomi Oka1Takashi Higuchi2Miho Yamaguchi3Shota Uchiyama4Tomohiro Koiwa5Moriyuki Nakama6Masaaki Minegishi7Hideaki Nagai8Shigeto Tohma9 Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Nephrology, Ushiku Aiwa General Hospital, Ushiku, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, Japan Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose, JapanOBJECTIVES Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antibodies (Abs) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) Abs is performed to detect prior COVID-19 infection. It is still controversial which antibodies are the most sensitive and specific, and which can be detected earliest after infection. Here, we evaluated the results of serological tests of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs in Japan. METHODS Symptomatic COVID-19 patients (n = 84) and control patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 93) were recruited at Tokyo National Hospital. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs were measured by commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. RESULTS The fraction of patients positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs was highest >14 days after symptom onset. The frequency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Ab positivity at this time (80.4%) tended to be slightly but not significantly lower than anti-SARS-CoV-2 N Ab positivity (84.8%). Optimized cut-off levels for anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Ab positivity were lower than the manufacturer's recommended cut-off levels. Using multiple linear regression analyzes with anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs, we created an Ab-index with high sensitivity. CONCLUSION To increase the sensitivity of serological diagnostic tests for COVID-19, it is suggested that both anti-SARS-CoV-2 N and S Abs should be measured and cut-off levels decreased.https://doi.org/10.1177/11795484221075492 |
| spellingShingle | Hiroshi Furukawa Shomi Oka Takashi Higuchi Miho Yamaguchi Shota Uchiyama Tomohiro Koiwa Moriyuki Nakama Masaaki Minegishi Hideaki Nagai Shigeto Tohma Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan Clinical Medicine Insights: Circulatory, Respiratory and Pulmonary Medicine |
| title | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan |
| title_full | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan |
| title_short | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike Antibodies in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan |
| title_sort | detection of anti sars cov 2 nucleocapsid and spike antibodies in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in japan |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/11795484221075492 |
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