The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer
This paper aimed to understand and compare the two popular cytogenetic techniques of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in detecting breast cancer chromosomal abnormality. Several chromosomal anomalies play a role in the development of breast cancer...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/176 |
| _version_ | 1818018463243829248 |
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| author | Harem Othman Smail |
| author_facet | Harem Othman Smail |
| author_sort | Harem Othman Smail |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper aimed to understand and compare the two popular cytogenetic techniques of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in detecting breast cancer chromosomal abnormality. Several chromosomal anomalies play a role in the development of breast cancer, and the two above approaches play an important role in confirming fluorescence in situ hybridization in particular (FISH). However, comparative genomic hybridization has developed DNA copy number profiles for most of the publicly available breast cancer cell lines for the FISH methods rely on the fluorescent probes. Chromosomal profiles can be generated for the suspected chromosomal abnormality, copy number changes between the tumour and the DNA control can be compared, and the results can be registered. Today, modern cytogenetic tools such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are more commonly used to detect any microdeletion that cannot be detected by conventional cytogenetic karyotypes that involve a high rate of cell division and good chromosomal morphology, which pose challenges for cytogeneticists, and a long period of testing and research. Usually, this is a problem for physicians, and there are still many drawbacks and disadvantages concerning the high benefits, such as false findings. Normal chromosome in situ hybridization requires the hybridization of a labelled DNA probe into denatured chromosomal DNA present in metaphase chromosomes in an air-dried microscope slide preparation. Metaphase spreads are used for traditional chromosome FISH (metaphase FISH). Positive and positive signs of hybridization also appear as a double spot, corresponding to the hybridized probe for both sister chromatids. A further extension of chromosome painting is comparative genomic hybridization (CCI-I). CCH involves simultaneous chromosome painting in two different colours using complete DNA from two similar sources as probes, which reveal variations concerning the benefit or loss of sub-chromosomal regions or even entire chromosomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:39:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84234b7f402d49e280de418632729f4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2089-6514 2540-9328 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:39:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-84234b7f402d49e280de418632729f4c2022-12-22T02:05:32ZengState Islamic University Sunan KalijagaBiology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry2089-65142540-93282022-03-01111455410.14421/biomedich.2022.111.45-54129The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast CancerHarem Othman Smail0Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region-F. R. IraqThis paper aimed to understand and compare the two popular cytogenetic techniques of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in detecting breast cancer chromosomal abnormality. Several chromosomal anomalies play a role in the development of breast cancer, and the two above approaches play an important role in confirming fluorescence in situ hybridization in particular (FISH). However, comparative genomic hybridization has developed DNA copy number profiles for most of the publicly available breast cancer cell lines for the FISH methods rely on the fluorescent probes. Chromosomal profiles can be generated for the suspected chromosomal abnormality, copy number changes between the tumour and the DNA control can be compared, and the results can be registered. Today, modern cytogenetic tools such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are more commonly used to detect any microdeletion that cannot be detected by conventional cytogenetic karyotypes that involve a high rate of cell division and good chromosomal morphology, which pose challenges for cytogeneticists, and a long period of testing and research. Usually, this is a problem for physicians, and there are still many drawbacks and disadvantages concerning the high benefits, such as false findings. Normal chromosome in situ hybridization requires the hybridization of a labelled DNA probe into denatured chromosomal DNA present in metaphase chromosomes in an air-dried microscope slide preparation. Metaphase spreads are used for traditional chromosome FISH (metaphase FISH). Positive and positive signs of hybridization also appear as a double spot, corresponding to the hybridized probe for both sister chromatids. A further extension of chromosome painting is comparative genomic hybridization (CCI-I). CCH involves simultaneous chromosome painting in two different colours using complete DNA from two similar sources as probes, which reveal variations concerning the benefit or loss of sub-chromosomal regions or even entire chromosomes.https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/176fishcghprobeclassical cytogeneticchromosomal regions and hybridization |
| spellingShingle | Harem Othman Smail The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry fish cgh probe classical cytogenetic chromosomal regions and hybridization |
| title | The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer |
| title_full | The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer |
| title_short | The Roles of the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) Techniques in the Detection of the Breast Cancer |
| title_sort | roles of the fluorescent in situ hybridization fish and comparative genomic hybridization cgh techniques in the detection of the breast cancer |
| topic | fish cgh probe classical cytogenetic chromosomal regions and hybridization |
| url | https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/176 |
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