Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition
Microalgae are a valuable natural resource for a variety of value-added products. The growth of microalgae is determined by the impact of many factors, but, from the point of view of the implementation of autotrophic growth, light is of primary importance. This work presents an overview of the influ...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| author | Yevhen Maltsev Kateryna Maltseva Maxim Kulikovskiy Svetlana Maltseva |
| author_facet | Yevhen Maltsev Kateryna Maltseva Maxim Kulikovskiy Svetlana Maltseva |
| author_sort | Yevhen Maltsev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae are a valuable natural resource for a variety of value-added products. The growth of microalgae is determined by the impact of many factors, but, from the point of view of the implementation of autotrophic growth, light is of primary importance. This work presents an overview of the influence of light conditions on the growth of microalgae, the content of lipids, carotenoids, and the composition of fatty acids in their biomass, taking into account parameters such as the intensity, duration of lighting, and use of rays of different spectral composition. The optimal light intensity for the growth of microalgae lies in the following range: 26−400 µmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. An increase in light intensity leads to an activation of lipid synthesis. For maximum lipid productivity, various microalgae species and strains need lighting of different intensities: from 60 to 700 µmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. Strong light preferentially increases the triacylglyceride content. The intensity of lighting has a regulating effect on the synthesis of fatty acids, carotenoids, including β-carotene, lutein and astaxanthin. In intense lighting conditions, saturated fatty acids usually accumulate, as well as monounsaturated ones, and the number of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases. Red as well as blue LED lighting improves the biomass productivity of microalgae of various taxonomic groups. Changing the duration of the photoperiod, the use of pulsed light can stimulate microalgae growth, the production of lipids, and carotenoids. The simultaneous use of light and other stresses contributes to a stronger effect on the productivity of algae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8425205500054e0ca81b95b976d543ad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:43:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8425205500054e0ca81b95b976d543ad2023-11-22T17:29:11ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-10-011010106010.3390/biology10101060Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid CompositionYevhen Maltsev0Kateryna Maltseva1Maxim Kulikovskiy2Svetlana Maltseva3Laboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Chemistry and Biology, Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, 72312 Melitopol, UkraineLaboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Molecular Systematics of Aquatic Plants, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology RAS, IPP RAS, 127276 Moscow, RussiaMicroalgae are a valuable natural resource for a variety of value-added products. The growth of microalgae is determined by the impact of many factors, but, from the point of view of the implementation of autotrophic growth, light is of primary importance. This work presents an overview of the influence of light conditions on the growth of microalgae, the content of lipids, carotenoids, and the composition of fatty acids in their biomass, taking into account parameters such as the intensity, duration of lighting, and use of rays of different spectral composition. The optimal light intensity for the growth of microalgae lies in the following range: 26−400 µmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. An increase in light intensity leads to an activation of lipid synthesis. For maximum lipid productivity, various microalgae species and strains need lighting of different intensities: from 60 to 700 µmol photons m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. Strong light preferentially increases the triacylglyceride content. The intensity of lighting has a regulating effect on the synthesis of fatty acids, carotenoids, including β-carotene, lutein and astaxanthin. In intense lighting conditions, saturated fatty acids usually accumulate, as well as monounsaturated ones, and the number of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases. Red as well as blue LED lighting improves the biomass productivity of microalgae of various taxonomic groups. Changing the duration of the photoperiod, the use of pulsed light can stimulate microalgae growth, the production of lipids, and carotenoids. The simultaneous use of light and other stresses contributes to a stronger effect on the productivity of algae.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1060carotenoidsfatty acidslightlipidsmicroalgaephotoperiod |
| spellingShingle | Yevhen Maltsev Kateryna Maltseva Maxim Kulikovskiy Svetlana Maltseva Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition Biology carotenoids fatty acids light lipids microalgae photoperiod |
| title | Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition |
| title_full | Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition |
| title_short | Influence of Light Conditions on Microalgae Growth and Content of Lipids, Carotenoids, and Fatty Acid Composition |
| title_sort | influence of light conditions on microalgae growth and content of lipids carotenoids and fatty acid composition |
| topic | carotenoids fatty acids light lipids microalgae photoperiod |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/10/1060 |
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