National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys
Introduction A higher number of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular-related and all-cause mortality. However, the change in CVH metrics has rarely been studied in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the level and changes of CVH metrics and thei...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMJ Publishing Group
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| Series: | BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health |
| Online Access: | https://nutrition.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/17/bmjnph-2021-000417.full |
| _version_ | 1811318013193879552 |
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| author | Kadari Cisse Michael Kaboré Yéri Esther Hien Lucresse Corine Fassinou Calypse Ngwasiri Yves Coppieters Fati Kirakoya Samandoulougou |
| author_facet | Kadari Cisse Michael Kaboré Yéri Esther Hien Lucresse Corine Fassinou Calypse Ngwasiri Yves Coppieters Fati Kirakoya Samandoulougou |
| author_sort | Kadari Cisse |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction A higher number of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular-related and all-cause mortality. However, the change in CVH metrics has rarely been studied in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the level and changes of CVH metrics and their correlates among Beninese adults between 2008 and 2015.Methods Secondary analysis was performed on data obtained from Benin’s 2008 and 2015 WHO Stepwise surveys (STEPS). In total, 3617 and 3768 participants aged 25–64 years were included from both surveys, respectively. CVH metrics were assessed using the American Heart Association definition, which categorised smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC) and glycaemia into ‘ideal’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘poor’ CVH. The prevalence of ideal CVH metrics was standardised using the age and sex structure of the 2013 population census.Results Few participants met all seven ideal CVH metrics, and ideal CVH significantly declined between 2008 and 2015 (7.1% (95% CI 6.1% to 8.1%) and 1.2% (95% CI 0.8% to 1.5%), respectively). The level of poor smoking (8.0% (95% CI 7.1% to 8.9%) and 5.6% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.3%)) had decreased, whereas that of poor BP (25.9% (95% CI 24.5% to 27.4%) and 32.0% (95% CI 30.0% to 33.5%)), poor total cholesterol (1.5% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.9%) and 5.5% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.2%)) and poor fruit and vegetable consumption (34.2% (95% CI 32.4% to 35.9%) and 51.4% (95% CI 49.8% to 53.0%)) significantly increased. Rural residents and young adults (25–34 years) had better CVH metrics.Conclusion The proportion of adults with ideal CVH status was low and declined significantly between 2008 and 2015 in Benin, emphasising the need for primordial prevention targeting urban areas and older people to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:18:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84631e5a1b66426fa840fe691326fe9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2516-5542 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:18:33Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-84631e5a1b66426fa840fe691326fe9a2022-12-22T02:47:17ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health2516-554210.1136/bmjnph-2021-000417National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveysKadari Cisse0Michael Kaboré1Yéri Esther Hien2Lucresse Corine Fassinou3Calypse Ngwasiri4Yves Coppieters5Fati Kirakoya Samandoulougou6Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistiques et Recherche Clinique, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Ecole de santé publique, Brussels, BelgiumDépartement de biochimie et microbiologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Centre, Burkina FasoDépartement de biochimie et microbiologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Centre, Burkina FasoInstitut supérieur des sciences de la santé, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Houet, Burkina FasoCentre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Bruxelles, BelgiumCentre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Bruxelles, BelgiumCentre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Bruxelles, BelgiumIntroduction A higher number of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular-related and all-cause mortality. However, the change in CVH metrics has rarely been studied in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the level and changes of CVH metrics and their correlates among Beninese adults between 2008 and 2015.Methods Secondary analysis was performed on data obtained from Benin’s 2008 and 2015 WHO Stepwise surveys (STEPS). In total, 3617 and 3768 participants aged 25–64 years were included from both surveys, respectively. CVH metrics were assessed using the American Heart Association definition, which categorised smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC) and glycaemia into ‘ideal’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘poor’ CVH. The prevalence of ideal CVH metrics was standardised using the age and sex structure of the 2013 population census.Results Few participants met all seven ideal CVH metrics, and ideal CVH significantly declined between 2008 and 2015 (7.1% (95% CI 6.1% to 8.1%) and 1.2% (95% CI 0.8% to 1.5%), respectively). The level of poor smoking (8.0% (95% CI 7.1% to 8.9%) and 5.6% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.3%)) had decreased, whereas that of poor BP (25.9% (95% CI 24.5% to 27.4%) and 32.0% (95% CI 30.0% to 33.5%)), poor total cholesterol (1.5% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.9%) and 5.5% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.2%)) and poor fruit and vegetable consumption (34.2% (95% CI 32.4% to 35.9%) and 51.4% (95% CI 49.8% to 53.0%)) significantly increased. Rural residents and young adults (25–34 years) had better CVH metrics.Conclusion The proportion of adults with ideal CVH status was low and declined significantly between 2008 and 2015 in Benin, emphasising the need for primordial prevention targeting urban areas and older people to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors.https://nutrition.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/17/bmjnph-2021-000417.full |
| spellingShingle | Kadari Cisse Michael Kaboré Yéri Esther Hien Lucresse Corine Fassinou Calypse Ngwasiri Yves Coppieters Fati Kirakoya Samandoulougou National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health |
| title | National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys |
| title_full | National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys |
| title_fullStr | National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys |
| title_full_unstemmed | National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys |
| title_short | National levels, changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among Beninese adults: evidence from the 2008 to 2015 STEPS surveys |
| title_sort | national levels changes and correlates of ideal cardiovascular health among beninese adults evidence from the 2008 to 2015 steps surveys |
| url | https://nutrition.bmj.com/content/early/2022/11/17/bmjnph-2021-000417.full |
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