Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation
Abstract Recently, dolutegravir (DTG)-based combined therapy, a more effective and safer first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since July 2018. However, its effectiveness in CD4+ T-cells...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53282-y |
| _version_ | 1797274728995487744 |
|---|---|
| author | Teshager Gebremedhin Melak Aynalem Mohammed Adem Demeke Geremew Yetemwork Aleka Amare Kiflie |
| author_facet | Teshager Gebremedhin Melak Aynalem Mohammed Adem Demeke Geremew Yetemwork Aleka Amare Kiflie |
| author_sort | Teshager Gebremedhin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recently, dolutegravir (DTG)-based combined therapy, a more effective and safer first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since July 2018. However, its effectiveness in CD4+ T-cells count recovery and viral load suppression has not been studied yet in Ethiopia, where HIV is endemic. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a pilot assessment on the effect of DTG-based therapy on CD4+ T-cell count and viral load count among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Ethiopia. A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021. 109 PLWH who are ART naive but plan to initiate DTG-based therapy were recruited. HIV viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies were determined using polymerase chain reaction. To compute the difference in viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts between the baseline, 3rd, and 6th months, a Friedman test was used. The study included 109 PLWH who had never received antiretroviral medication. Participants taking DTG-based treatment showed significantly decreasing median (IQR) values of viral load count (copies/mL) from 446,812 (237649.5–732994.5) at baseline to 34 (23.5–46) at 3 months and 0.0 (0–19) at 6 months of treatment follow-up. Although the treatment increases the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA 50 copies/mL from 0 (0% at baseline) to 87 (79.8%) and 100 (91.7%) at the 3rd and 6th months of treatment, respectively, On the other hand, the CD4+ T-cell count increased significantly during treatment: median (IQR): 209 (81.5–417.5) versus 291 (132–522) versus 378 (181–632.5) cells/L at baseline, the 3rd and 6th months of the treatment follow-up period, respectively. We found dolutegravir-based therapy was a promising option with high virological suppression rates and CD4+ T-cell count recovery, demonstrating a restoration of cellular immunity. Moreover, Viral load suppression rates were high after the initiation of the treatment. We recommend further research should be conducted with a larger number of participants to acquire greater awareness of the treatment outcomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:02:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-846cf2bd361e42e59d554b27a5482c30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:02:26Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-846cf2bd361e42e59d554b27a5482c302024-03-05T19:04:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-02-011411910.1038/s41598-024-53282-yDolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluationTeshager Gebremedhin0Melak Aynalem1Mohammed Adem2Demeke Geremew3Yetemwork Aleka4Amare Kiflie5University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized HospitalDepartment of Hematology and Immunohematology, University of GondarDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, University of GondarDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Immunology and Molecular Biology Unit, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar UniversityDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, University of GondarDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, University of GondarAbstract Recently, dolutegravir (DTG)-based combined therapy, a more effective and safer first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), has been recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since July 2018. However, its effectiveness in CD4+ T-cells count recovery and viral load suppression has not been studied yet in Ethiopia, where HIV is endemic. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a pilot assessment on the effect of DTG-based therapy on CD4+ T-cell count and viral load count among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Ethiopia. A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021. 109 PLWH who are ART naive but plan to initiate DTG-based therapy were recruited. HIV viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies were determined using polymerase chain reaction. To compute the difference in viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts between the baseline, 3rd, and 6th months, a Friedman test was used. The study included 109 PLWH who had never received antiretroviral medication. Participants taking DTG-based treatment showed significantly decreasing median (IQR) values of viral load count (copies/mL) from 446,812 (237649.5–732994.5) at baseline to 34 (23.5–46) at 3 months and 0.0 (0–19) at 6 months of treatment follow-up. Although the treatment increases the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA 50 copies/mL from 0 (0% at baseline) to 87 (79.8%) and 100 (91.7%) at the 3rd and 6th months of treatment, respectively, On the other hand, the CD4+ T-cell count increased significantly during treatment: median (IQR): 209 (81.5–417.5) versus 291 (132–522) versus 378 (181–632.5) cells/L at baseline, the 3rd and 6th months of the treatment follow-up period, respectively. We found dolutegravir-based therapy was a promising option with high virological suppression rates and CD4+ T-cell count recovery, demonstrating a restoration of cellular immunity. Moreover, Viral load suppression rates were high after the initiation of the treatment. We recommend further research should be conducted with a larger number of participants to acquire greater awareness of the treatment outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53282-y |
| spellingShingle | Teshager Gebremedhin Melak Aynalem Mohammed Adem Demeke Geremew Yetemwork Aleka Amare Kiflie Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation Scientific Reports |
| title | Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation |
| title_full | Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation |
| title_short | Dolutegravir based therapy showed CD4+ T cell count recovery and viral load suppression among ART naïve people living with HIV AIDS: a pilot evaluation |
| title_sort | dolutegravir based therapy showed cd4 t cell count recovery and viral load suppression among art naive people living with hiv aids a pilot evaluation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53282-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT teshagergebremedhin dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation AT melakaynalem dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation AT mohammedadem dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation AT demekegeremew dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation AT yetemworkaleka dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation AT amarekiflie dolutegravirbasedtherapyshowedcd4tcellcountrecoveryandviralloadsuppressionamongartnaivepeoplelivingwithhivaidsapilotevaluation |