Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan
# Background Antibody-based serological tests which target households and communities can estimate the true extent of infection in a population. It minimizes the biases of facility-based selective testing and generates scientific data on disease transmission through household asymptomatic cases. Th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.84241 |
| _version_ | 1797371638351659008 |
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| author | Muhammad Imran Nisar Mashal Amin Nadia Ansari Farah Khalid Najeeb Rehman Aneeta Hotwani Usma Mehmood Arslan Memon Junaid Iqbal Ali Faisal Saleem Daniel B. Larremore Bailey Fosdick Fyezah Jehan |
| author_facet | Muhammad Imran Nisar Mashal Amin Nadia Ansari Farah Khalid Najeeb Rehman Aneeta Hotwani Usma Mehmood Arslan Memon Junaid Iqbal Ali Faisal Saleem Daniel B. Larremore Bailey Fosdick Fyezah Jehan |
| author_sort | Muhammad Imran Nisar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
Antibody-based serological tests which target households and communities can estimate the true extent of infection in a population. It minimizes the biases of facility-based selective testing and generates scientific data on disease transmission through household asymptomatic cases. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and trend of SARS-CoV-2 in a densely populated urban community of Karachi.
# Methods
Three serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted in November 2020, February 2021, and December 2021 in Karachi's District East. Households were selected to provide serum samples for Elecsys® immunoassay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All household members were eligible to participate regardless of age and infection status. Bayesian regression was used to adjust for assay performance and estimate seroprevalence.
# Results
We enrolled 1506 participants from 501 households. In November 2020, adjusted seroprevalence was estimated as 24.0% (95% confidence interval, CI=18.0-31.0), compared to 53.9% (95% CI=45.5-63.2) in February. In December 2021, it increased to 84.9% (95% CI=78.5-92.3). The conditional risk of infection was 41% (95% CI=29.9-51.6), 56.7% (95% CI=50.4--62.6) and 77.8% (95% CI=73.0-81.7) in surveys 4, 5, and 6 respectively. Only 18.7% of participants who had reactive antibodies for COVID-19 were symptomatic.
# Conclusions
An increase in seroprevalence estimates in Karachi's District East was observed over time. Community-based seroprevalence studies help to estimate the true proportion of the population that has been infected and predicts the spread of the disease in similar settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:22:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84712037634b4c41a49cffa66131fc9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2399-1623 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:22:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Inishmore Laser Scientific Publishing Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Global Health Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-84712037634b4c41a49cffa66131fc9c2023-12-30T17:13:13ZengInishmore Laser Scientific Publishing LtdJournal of Global Health Reports2399-16232023-07-017Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, PakistanMuhammad Imran NisarMashal AminNadia AnsariFarah KhalidNajeeb RehmanAneeta HotwaniUsma MehmoodArslan MemonJunaid IqbalAli Faisal SaleemDaniel B. LarremoreBailey FosdickFyezah Jehan# Background Antibody-based serological tests which target households and communities can estimate the true extent of infection in a population. It minimizes the biases of facility-based selective testing and generates scientific data on disease transmission through household asymptomatic cases. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and trend of SARS-CoV-2 in a densely populated urban community of Karachi. # Methods Three serial cross-sectional surveys were conducted in November 2020, February 2021, and December 2021 in Karachi's District East. Households were selected to provide serum samples for Elecsys® immunoassay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All household members were eligible to participate regardless of age and infection status. Bayesian regression was used to adjust for assay performance and estimate seroprevalence. # Results We enrolled 1506 participants from 501 households. In November 2020, adjusted seroprevalence was estimated as 24.0% (95% confidence interval, CI=18.0-31.0), compared to 53.9% (95% CI=45.5-63.2) in February. In December 2021, it increased to 84.9% (95% CI=78.5-92.3). The conditional risk of infection was 41% (95% CI=29.9-51.6), 56.7% (95% CI=50.4--62.6) and 77.8% (95% CI=73.0-81.7) in surveys 4, 5, and 6 respectively. Only 18.7% of participants who had reactive antibodies for COVID-19 were symptomatic. # Conclusions An increase in seroprevalence estimates in Karachi's District East was observed over time. Community-based seroprevalence studies help to estimate the true proportion of the population that has been infected and predicts the spread of the disease in similar settings.https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.84241 |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Imran Nisar Mashal Amin Nadia Ansari Farah Khalid Najeeb Rehman Aneeta Hotwani Usma Mehmood Arslan Memon Junaid Iqbal Ali Faisal Saleem Daniel B. Larremore Bailey Fosdick Fyezah Jehan Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan Journal of Global Health Reports |
| title | Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full | Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_short | Community-based seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 in an urban district of Karachi, Pakistan |
| title_sort | community based seroprevalence of sars cov 2 in an urban district of karachi pakistan |
| url | https://doi.org/10.29392/001c.84241 |
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