Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica
Calcium carbide residue (CCR) is the end-product of production of acetylene gas for the applications such as welding, lighting, ripening of fruits, and cutting of metals. Due to its high pH value, disposing of CCR as a landfill increases the alkalinity of the environment. Therefore, due to its high...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6960 |
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| author | Musa Adamu Yasser E. Ibrahim Mohamed E. Al-Atroush Hani Alanazi |
| author_facet | Musa Adamu Yasser E. Ibrahim Mohamed E. Al-Atroush Hani Alanazi |
| author_sort | Musa Adamu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Calcium carbide residue (CCR) is the end-product of production of acetylene gas for the applications such as welding, lighting, ripening of fruits, and cutting of metals. Due to its high pH value, disposing of CCR as a landfill increases the alkalinity of the environment. Therefore, due to its high calcium content, CCR is mostly blended with other pozzolanic materials, together with activators as binders in the cement matrix. In this study, cement was partially substituted using CCR at 0%, 7.5%, 15%, 22.5% and 30% by weight replacement, and nano silica (NS) was utilized as an additive by weight of binder materials at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The properties considered were the slump, the compressive strength, the flexural strength, the splitting tensile strength, the modulus of elasticity, and the water absorption capacity. The microstructural properties of the concrete were also examined through FESEM and XRD analysis. The results showed that both CCR and NS increase the concrete’s water demand, hence reducing its workability. Mixes containing up to 15% CCR only showed improved mechanical properties. The combination of CCR and NS significantly improved the mechanical properties and decreased the concrete’s water absorption through improved pozzolanic reactivity as verified by the FESEM and XRD results. Furthermore, the microstructure of the concrete was explored, and the pores were refined by the pozzolanic reaction products. The optimum mix combination was obtained by replacing 15% cement using CCR and the addition of 2% NS by weight of cementitious materials. Therefore, using a hybrid of CCR and NS in concrete will result in reduction of cement utilization in concrete, leading to improved environmental sustainability and economy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:18:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8483323f1b304a4292d21df55eb75f5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:18:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-8483323f1b304a4292d21df55eb75f5d2023-11-23T00:11:28ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-11-011422696010.3390/ma14226960Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano SilicaMusa Adamu0Yasser E. Ibrahim1Mohamed E. Al-Atroush2Hani Alanazi3Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaEngineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaEngineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi ArabiaCalcium carbide residue (CCR) is the end-product of production of acetylene gas for the applications such as welding, lighting, ripening of fruits, and cutting of metals. Due to its high pH value, disposing of CCR as a landfill increases the alkalinity of the environment. Therefore, due to its high calcium content, CCR is mostly blended with other pozzolanic materials, together with activators as binders in the cement matrix. In this study, cement was partially substituted using CCR at 0%, 7.5%, 15%, 22.5% and 30% by weight replacement, and nano silica (NS) was utilized as an additive by weight of binder materials at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The properties considered were the slump, the compressive strength, the flexural strength, the splitting tensile strength, the modulus of elasticity, and the water absorption capacity. The microstructural properties of the concrete were also examined through FESEM and XRD analysis. The results showed that both CCR and NS increase the concrete’s water demand, hence reducing its workability. Mixes containing up to 15% CCR only showed improved mechanical properties. The combination of CCR and NS significantly improved the mechanical properties and decreased the concrete’s water absorption through improved pozzolanic reactivity as verified by the FESEM and XRD results. Furthermore, the microstructure of the concrete was explored, and the pores were refined by the pozzolanic reaction products. The optimum mix combination was obtained by replacing 15% cement using CCR and the addition of 2% NS by weight of cementitious materials. Therefore, using a hybrid of CCR and NS in concrete will result in reduction of cement utilization in concrete, leading to improved environmental sustainability and economy.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6960calcium carbide residuenano silicapozzolanic reactioncalcium hydroxidecompressive strength |
| spellingShingle | Musa Adamu Yasser E. Ibrahim Mohamed E. Al-Atroush Hani Alanazi Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica Materials calcium carbide residue nano silica pozzolanic reaction calcium hydroxide compressive strength |
| title | Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica |
| title_full | Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica |
| title_short | Mechanical Properties and Durability Performance of Concrete Containing Calcium Carbide Residue and Nano Silica |
| title_sort | mechanical properties and durability performance of concrete containing calcium carbide residue and nano silica |
| topic | calcium carbide residue nano silica pozzolanic reaction calcium hydroxide compressive strength |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6960 |
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