Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells
In diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation can injure the myelin sheath that surrounds axons, a process known as demyelination. The spontaneous regeneration of myelin, called remyelination, is associated with restoration of function and prevention of axonal degeneration. Boosting remy...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00225/full |
| _version_ | 1818994149865553920 |
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| author | Charbel S. Baaklini Khalil S. Rawji Greg J. Duncan Madelene F. S. Ho Jason R. Plemel |
| author_facet | Charbel S. Baaklini Khalil S. Rawji Greg J. Duncan Madelene F. S. Ho Jason R. Plemel |
| author_sort | Charbel S. Baaklini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation can injure the myelin sheath that surrounds axons, a process known as demyelination. The spontaneous regeneration of myelin, called remyelination, is associated with restoration of function and prevention of axonal degeneration. Boosting remyelination with therapeutic intervention is a promising new approach that is currently being tested in several clinical trials. The endogenous regulation of remyelination is highly dependent on the immune response. In this review article, we highlight the cell biology of remyelination and its regulation by innate immune cells. For the purpose of this review, we discuss the roles of microglia, and also astrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) as they are being increasingly recognized to have immune cell functions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:53:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8493abb58537419c9358e12ddb31cf72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:53:22Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-8493abb58537419c9358e12ddb31cf722022-12-21T19:26:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience1662-50992019-09-011210.3389/fnmol.2019.00225481699Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune CellsCharbel S. Baaklini0Khalil S. Rawji1Greg J. Duncan2Madelene F. S. Ho3Jason R. PlemelDepartment of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CanadaWellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United KingdomDepartment of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United StatesDepartment of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CanadaIn diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammation can injure the myelin sheath that surrounds axons, a process known as demyelination. The spontaneous regeneration of myelin, called remyelination, is associated with restoration of function and prevention of axonal degeneration. Boosting remyelination with therapeutic intervention is a promising new approach that is currently being tested in several clinical trials. The endogenous regulation of remyelination is highly dependent on the immune response. In this review article, we highlight the cell biology of remyelination and its regulation by innate immune cells. For the purpose of this review, we discuss the roles of microglia, and also astrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) as they are being increasingly recognized to have immune cell functions.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00225/fullremyelinationmicrogliaoligodendrocyteoligodendrocyte progenitor cellsastrocyteswhite matter disease |
| spellingShingle | Charbel S. Baaklini Khalil S. Rawji Greg J. Duncan Madelene F. S. Ho Jason R. Plemel Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience remyelination microglia oligodendrocyte oligodendrocyte progenitor cells astrocytes white matter disease |
| title | Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells |
| title_full | Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells |
| title_fullStr | Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells |
| title_short | Central Nervous System Remyelination: Roles of Glia and Innate Immune Cells |
| title_sort | central nervous system remyelination roles of glia and innate immune cells |
| topic | remyelination microglia oligodendrocyte oligodendrocyte progenitor cells astrocytes white matter disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00225/full |
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