Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia
The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) GP37 has synergistic effects on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs), however, the mechanism employed is unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo binding assays indicated that GP37 efficiently bound to the midgut peritrophic membrane (PM) of Sp...
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/3/145 |
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| author | Xiangyang Liu Wei Fang Rui Fan Linna Zhang Chengfeng Lei Jingjing Zhang Wenkai Nian Tao Dou Shiheng An Lin Zhou Xiulian Sun |
| author_facet | Xiangyang Liu Wei Fang Rui Fan Linna Zhang Chengfeng Lei Jingjing Zhang Wenkai Nian Tao Dou Shiheng An Lin Zhou Xiulian Sun |
| author_sort | Xiangyang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) GP37 has synergistic effects on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs), however, the mechanism employed is unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo binding assays indicated that GP37 efficiently bound to the midgut peritrophic membrane (PM) of Spodoptera exigua larvae. Treatment with GP37 led to the damage of the PM’s compacted structure and the generation of the PM perforations, and the enhancement of the PM’s permeability. qPCR results further demonstrated that GP37 increased the ability of occlusion-derived virions (ODV) to cross the PM. R18-labeling experiments exhibited that GP37 also promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Altogether, our present results revealed that the synergistic mechanism of GP37 to the infectivity of NPV might involve two parts. GP37 damaged the integrity of the PM after binding, which enhanced the PM’s permeability and increased the ability of ODVs to cross the PM, finally facilitating the ODVs reaching the midgut. In addition, GP37 promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Our data expand the understanding of the mechanism used by baculovirus synergistic factors and provide a foundation for the development of high-efficiency baculoviral insecticides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:45:52Z |
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| id | doaj.art-8498b3ec59204239873c916544e67a0f |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:45:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-8498b3ec59204239873c916544e67a0f2022-12-22T02:55:42ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-03-0111314510.3390/toxins11030145toxins11030145Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with EpitheliaXiangyang Liu0Wei Fang1Rui Fan2Linna Zhang3Chengfeng Lei4Jingjing Zhang5Wenkai Nian6Tao Dou7Shiheng An8Lin Zhou9Xiulian Sun10College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaWuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaWuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, ChinaThe Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) GP37 has synergistic effects on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs), however, the mechanism employed is unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo binding assays indicated that GP37 efficiently bound to the midgut peritrophic membrane (PM) of Spodoptera exigua larvae. Treatment with GP37 led to the damage of the PM’s compacted structure and the generation of the PM perforations, and the enhancement of the PM’s permeability. qPCR results further demonstrated that GP37 increased the ability of occlusion-derived virions (ODV) to cross the PM. R18-labeling experiments exhibited that GP37 also promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Altogether, our present results revealed that the synergistic mechanism of GP37 to the infectivity of NPV might involve two parts. GP37 damaged the integrity of the PM after binding, which enhanced the PM’s permeability and increased the ability of ODVs to cross the PM, finally facilitating the ODVs reaching the midgut. In addition, GP37 promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Our data expand the understanding of the mechanism used by baculovirus synergistic factors and provide a foundation for the development of high-efficiency baculoviral insecticides.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/3/145Cydia pomonella granulovirusGP37peritrophic membranebrush-border membrane vesiclesynergistic mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Xiangyang Liu Wei Fang Rui Fan Linna Zhang Chengfeng Lei Jingjing Zhang Wenkai Nian Tao Dou Shiheng An Lin Zhou Xiulian Sun Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia Toxins Cydia pomonella granulovirus GP37 peritrophic membrane brush-border membrane vesicle synergistic mechanism |
| title | Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia |
| title_full | Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia |
| title_fullStr | Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia |
| title_short | Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia |
| title_sort | granulovirus gp37 facilitated odvs cross insect peritrophic membranes and fuse with epithelia |
| topic | Cydia pomonella granulovirus GP37 peritrophic membrane brush-border membrane vesicle synergistic mechanism |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/3/145 |
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