Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising method of cancer treatment due to its unique properties, such as noninvasiveness and low toxicity. The efficacy of PDT is, however, significantly reduced by the hypoxia tumor environments, because PDT involves the generation of reactive oxygen specie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/9/1763 |
| _version_ | 1797483678786387968 |
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| author | Yuyin Du Jianhua Han Feiyang Jin Yongzhong Du |
| author_facet | Yuyin Du Jianhua Han Feiyang Jin Yongzhong Du |
| author_sort | Yuyin Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising method of cancer treatment due to its unique properties, such as noninvasiveness and low toxicity. The efficacy of PDT is, however, significantly reduced by the hypoxia tumor environments, because PDT involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which requires the great consumption of oxygen. Moreover, the consumption of oxygen caused by PDT would further exacerbate the hypoxia condition, which leads to angiogenesis, invasion of tumors to other parts, and metastasis. Therefore, many research studies have been conducted to design nanoplatforms that can alleviate tumor hypoxia and enhance PDT. Herein, the recent progress on strategies for overcoming tumor hypoxia is reviewed, including the direct transport of oxygen to the tumor site by O<sub>2</sub> carriers, the in situ generation of oxygen by decomposition of oxygen-containing compounds, reduced O<sub>2</sub> consumption, as well as the regulation of tumor microenvironments. Limitations and future perspectives of these technologies to improve PDT are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:51:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-849f23d23d8e4850b4781fc1b80bb63c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:51:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-849f23d23d8e4850b4781fc1b80bb63c2023-11-23T18:20:06ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-08-01149176310.3390/pharmaceutics14091763Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic TherapyYuyin Du0Jianhua Han1Feiyang Jin2Yongzhong Du3Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaInstitute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising method of cancer treatment due to its unique properties, such as noninvasiveness and low toxicity. The efficacy of PDT is, however, significantly reduced by the hypoxia tumor environments, because PDT involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which requires the great consumption of oxygen. Moreover, the consumption of oxygen caused by PDT would further exacerbate the hypoxia condition, which leads to angiogenesis, invasion of tumors to other parts, and metastasis. Therefore, many research studies have been conducted to design nanoplatforms that can alleviate tumor hypoxia and enhance PDT. Herein, the recent progress on strategies for overcoming tumor hypoxia is reviewed, including the direct transport of oxygen to the tumor site by O<sub>2</sub> carriers, the in situ generation of oxygen by decomposition of oxygen-containing compounds, reduced O<sub>2</sub> consumption, as well as the regulation of tumor microenvironments. Limitations and future perspectives of these technologies to improve PDT are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/9/1763photodynamic therapyhypoxiaoxygen supplyoxygen |
| spellingShingle | Yuyin Du Jianhua Han Feiyang Jin Yongzhong Du Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy Pharmaceutics photodynamic therapy hypoxia oxygen supply oxygen |
| title | Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_full | Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_short | Recent Strategies to Address Hypoxic Tumor Environments in Photodynamic Therapy |
| title_sort | recent strategies to address hypoxic tumor environments in photodynamic therapy |
| topic | photodynamic therapy hypoxia oxygen supply oxygen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/9/1763 |
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