Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gender influences clinical presentations and markers in inflammatory diseases. In many chronic conditions, frequency of complications is greater in females, suggesting that continuous inflammatory reaction may induce greater damage i...

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Main Authors: Corazza Francis, Désir Julie, Lefevre Nicolas, Heinrichs Claudine, Mulier Sandra, Hanssens Laurence, Heldenbergh Fabienne, Casimir Georges JA, Duchateau Jean
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2010-06-01
Series:Journal of Inflammation
Online Access:http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/7/1/28
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author Corazza Francis
Désir Julie
Lefevre Nicolas
Heinrichs Claudine
Mulier Sandra
Hanssens Laurence
Heldenbergh Fabienne
Casimir Georges JA
Duchateau Jean
author_facet Corazza Francis
Désir Julie
Lefevre Nicolas
Heinrichs Claudine
Mulier Sandra
Hanssens Laurence
Heldenbergh Fabienne
Casimir Georges JA
Duchateau Jean
author_sort Corazza Francis
collection DOAJ
description <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gender influences clinical presentations and markers in inflammatory diseases. In many chronic conditions, frequency of complications is greater in females, suggesting that continuous inflammatory reaction may induce greater damage in targeted organs and functions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To investigate gender dimorphism at a cellular level, we evaluated the production of cytokines implicated in inflammatory processes (IL -1, IL- 6, PGE-2 and TNF alpha), in healthy prepubescent children of both sex and Turner's syndrome (TS) patients (genotype XO). We used stimulation by LPS (0.2 and 1 ng/ml) and Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM) on overnight cultures from whole blood samples, collected in 57 subjects: 22 girls/26 boys (5-96 months), and 9 TS patients (6-15 years). The primary outcome was to evaluate if gender influences the production of cytokines, with potential relation to X chromosome monosomy. Secondary endpoints were to relate different cytokines level productions and conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We confirm the male over female increased cytokine productions already observed in adults. This is contrasting with numerous observations obtained in vivo about increased production of inflammatory markers in females (CRP, ESR and neutrophil counts), as we recently reported in children. Relative variations of the dimorphism according to stimulus, its concentration and cytokine type are discussed, presenting IL6 with a modulating function that could be more potent in males. TS subjects follow mostly the male pattern of reactivity, sustaining the role of some gene expression differing with X chromosome monosomy and disomy.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Persistence of the latter dimorphism throughout life casts doubts on its direct relationship with individual hormonal status, as already documented by others in vitro, and supports the need for alternative hypothesis, such as the influence of X chromosome gene products escaping X inactivation in females and absent in subjects with X monosomy (males, TS).</p>
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spelling doaj.art-84a326a50cb044f9aabb828770c2e1932022-12-22T02:12:57ZengBMCJournal of Inflammation1476-92552010-06-01712810.1186/1476-9255-7-28Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent childrenCorazza FrancisDésir JulieLefevre NicolasHeinrichs ClaudineMulier SandraHanssens LaurenceHeldenbergh FabienneCasimir Georges JADuchateau Jean<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gender influences clinical presentations and markers in inflammatory diseases. In many chronic conditions, frequency of complications is greater in females, suggesting that continuous inflammatory reaction may induce greater damage in targeted organs and functions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To investigate gender dimorphism at a cellular level, we evaluated the production of cytokines implicated in inflammatory processes (IL -1, IL- 6, PGE-2 and TNF alpha), in healthy prepubescent children of both sex and Turner's syndrome (TS) patients (genotype XO). We used stimulation by LPS (0.2 and 1 ng/ml) and Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM) on overnight cultures from whole blood samples, collected in 57 subjects: 22 girls/26 boys (5-96 months), and 9 TS patients (6-15 years). The primary outcome was to evaluate if gender influences the production of cytokines, with potential relation to X chromosome monosomy. Secondary endpoints were to relate different cytokines level productions and conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We confirm the male over female increased cytokine productions already observed in adults. This is contrasting with numerous observations obtained in vivo about increased production of inflammatory markers in females (CRP, ESR and neutrophil counts), as we recently reported in children. Relative variations of the dimorphism according to stimulus, its concentration and cytokine type are discussed, presenting IL6 with a modulating function that could be more potent in males. TS subjects follow mostly the male pattern of reactivity, sustaining the role of some gene expression differing with X chromosome monosomy and disomy.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Persistence of the latter dimorphism throughout life casts doubts on its direct relationship with individual hormonal status, as already documented by others in vitro, and supports the need for alternative hypothesis, such as the influence of X chromosome gene products escaping X inactivation in females and absent in subjects with X monosomy (males, TS).</p>http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/7/1/28
spellingShingle Corazza Francis
Désir Julie
Lefevre Nicolas
Heinrichs Claudine
Mulier Sandra
Hanssens Laurence
Heldenbergh Fabienne
Casimir Georges JA
Duchateau Jean
Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
Journal of Inflammation
title Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
title_full Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
title_fullStr Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
title_full_unstemmed Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
title_short Gender differences and inflammation: an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
title_sort gender differences and inflammation an in vitro model of blood cells stimulation in prepubescent children
url http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/7/1/28
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