Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate
Climate-related changes in human sun exposure behavior can be an important influence on future ultraviolet radiation (UVR) related disease risks. In particular, active leisure mobility and leisure activities are more dependent on weather conditions than routine activities. However, the direction and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/8/1183 |
| _version_ | 1797411231724732416 |
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| author | Gudrun Laschewski Andreas Matzarakis |
| author_facet | Gudrun Laschewski Andreas Matzarakis |
| author_sort | Gudrun Laschewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate-related changes in human sun exposure behavior can be an important influence on future ultraviolet radiation (UVR) related disease risks. In particular, active leisure mobility and leisure activities are more dependent on weather conditions than routine activities. However, the direction and extent of the effects vary. For temperate and cold climates, the available studies provide indications that a possible increase in UVR exposure would primarily result from a reduction in clothing and only secondarily from changes in the time spent outdoors. Existing studies suggest a nonlinear, bell-shaped relationship with threshold value effects for the relationship between outdoor time and thermal conditions. If the local climate is already very warm and there are only minor seasonal differences, there is no statistically significant evidence of changes in behavior. If there is significant warm discomfort, there is a tendency to avoid being outdoors or in the sun. It is not justified to simply transfer and generalize results and conclusions to different climates and seasons and between different leisure activities and forms of active mobility. The geographical context must be considered also in terms of cultures and habits, adaptations, traffic and land use (urban, rural). In addition, changes in behavior can develop differently depending on individual characteristics of people such as heat affinity, leisure type, age and gender. Differentiated analyses are required that take into account and balance opposing effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:43:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84b4a873377a4f1e8e3fef76647135f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:43:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-84b4a873377a4f1e8e3fef76647135f62023-12-03T13:19:09ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332022-07-01138118310.3390/atmos13081183Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing ClimateGudrun Laschewski0Andreas Matzarakis1Deutscher Wetterdienst, Research Centre Human Biometeorology, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyDeutscher Wetterdienst, Research Centre Human Biometeorology, 79104 Freiburg, GermanyClimate-related changes in human sun exposure behavior can be an important influence on future ultraviolet radiation (UVR) related disease risks. In particular, active leisure mobility and leisure activities are more dependent on weather conditions than routine activities. However, the direction and extent of the effects vary. For temperate and cold climates, the available studies provide indications that a possible increase in UVR exposure would primarily result from a reduction in clothing and only secondarily from changes in the time spent outdoors. Existing studies suggest a nonlinear, bell-shaped relationship with threshold value effects for the relationship between outdoor time and thermal conditions. If the local climate is already very warm and there are only minor seasonal differences, there is no statistically significant evidence of changes in behavior. If there is significant warm discomfort, there is a tendency to avoid being outdoors or in the sun. It is not justified to simply transfer and generalize results and conclusions to different climates and seasons and between different leisure activities and forms of active mobility. The geographical context must be considered also in terms of cultures and habits, adaptations, traffic and land use (urban, rural). In addition, changes in behavior can develop differently depending on individual characteristics of people such as heat affinity, leisure type, age and gender. Differentiated analyses are required that take into account and balance opposing effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/8/1183human behaviorUV exposureclimate changetime outdoors |
| spellingShingle | Gudrun Laschewski Andreas Matzarakis Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate Atmosphere human behavior UV exposure climate change time outdoors |
| title | Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate |
| title_full | Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate |
| title_fullStr | Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate |
| title_short | Weather-Related Human Outdoor Behavior with Respect to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure in a Changing Climate |
| title_sort | weather related human outdoor behavior with respect to solar ultraviolet radiation exposure in a changing climate |
| topic | human behavior UV exposure climate change time outdoors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/8/1183 |
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