Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
TGF-β is recognized as playing a protective role against atherosclerosis. Endoglin is a receptor for TGF-β, and its expression is upregulated in atherosclerotic plaques. Endoglin is secreted from the cell membrane into the circulation as a soluble form (sEng). We previously reported that plasma sEng...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/2975 |
| _version_ | 1827640514173730816 |
|---|---|
| author | Emi Saita Yoshimi Kishimoto Masayuki Aoyama Reiko Ohmori Kazuo Kondo Yukihiko Momiyama |
| author_facet | Emi Saita Yoshimi Kishimoto Masayuki Aoyama Reiko Ohmori Kazuo Kondo Yukihiko Momiyama |
| author_sort | Emi Saita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | TGF-β is recognized as playing a protective role against atherosclerosis. Endoglin is a receptor for TGF-β, and its expression is upregulated in atherosclerotic plaques. Endoglin is secreted from the cell membrane into the circulation as a soluble form (sEng). We previously reported that plasma sEng levels were low in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the prognostic value of sEng levels has not been clarified. We investigated the association between plasma sEng levels and cardiovascular events in 403 patients who had an elective coronary angiography and were then followed up. Cardiovascular events were defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, stroke, or coronary revascularization. Of the 403 patients, 209 (52%) had CAD. Plasma sEng levels were lower in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (median 4.26 vs. 4.41 ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.025). During a mean follow-up period of 7.5 ± 4.5 years, cardiovascular events occurred in 79 patients. Compared with 324 patients without events, 79 with events had lower sEng levels (3.95 vs. 4.39 ng/mL) and more often had an sEng level < 3.9 ng/mL (47% vs. 28%) (<i>p</i> < 0.02). A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed lower event-free survival in patients with sEng < 3.9 ng/mL than in those with ≥3.9 ng/mL (<i>p</i> < 0.02). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, the sEng level (<3.9 ng/mL) was an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.59; 95%CI: 1.01–2.49). Furthermore, only among the 209 patients with CAD, the sEng level was also a predictor of further cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.24–3.45). Thus, low plasma sEng levels were found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CAD and patients undergoing coronary angiography. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:00:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84bfbaaac4fc47068d3397727af197e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:00:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-84bfbaaac4fc47068d3397727af197e92023-11-24T14:31:00ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-11-011111297510.3390/biomedicines11112975Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary AngiographyEmi Saita0Yoshimi Kishimoto1Masayuki Aoyama2Reiko Ohmori3Kazuo Kondo4Yukihiko Momiyama5Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, JapanDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, 45-1 Na-gaotouge-cho, Hirakata 573-0101, JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omorinishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, JapanFaculty of Regional Design, Utsunomiya University, 350 Minecho, Tochigi 321-8505, JapanOchanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, JapanDepartment of Cardiology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8902, JapanTGF-β is recognized as playing a protective role against atherosclerosis. Endoglin is a receptor for TGF-β, and its expression is upregulated in atherosclerotic plaques. Endoglin is secreted from the cell membrane into the circulation as a soluble form (sEng). We previously reported that plasma sEng levels were low in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the prognostic value of sEng levels has not been clarified. We investigated the association between plasma sEng levels and cardiovascular events in 403 patients who had an elective coronary angiography and were then followed up. Cardiovascular events were defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, stroke, or coronary revascularization. Of the 403 patients, 209 (52%) had CAD. Plasma sEng levels were lower in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (median 4.26 vs. 4.41 ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.025). During a mean follow-up period of 7.5 ± 4.5 years, cardiovascular events occurred in 79 patients. Compared with 324 patients without events, 79 with events had lower sEng levels (3.95 vs. 4.39 ng/mL) and more often had an sEng level < 3.9 ng/mL (47% vs. 28%) (<i>p</i> < 0.02). A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed lower event-free survival in patients with sEng < 3.9 ng/mL than in those with ≥3.9 ng/mL (<i>p</i> < 0.02). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, the sEng level (<3.9 ng/mL) was an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.59; 95%CI: 1.01–2.49). Furthermore, only among the 209 patients with CAD, the sEng level was also a predictor of further cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.24–3.45). Thus, low plasma sEng levels were found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CAD and patients undergoing coronary angiography.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/2975atherosclerosisbiomarkercardiovascular eventscoronary artery diseaseendoglin |
| spellingShingle | Emi Saita Yoshimi Kishimoto Masayuki Aoyama Reiko Ohmori Kazuo Kondo Yukihiko Momiyama Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography Biomedicines atherosclerosis biomarker cardiovascular events coronary artery disease endoglin |
| title | Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography |
| title_full | Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography |
| title_fullStr | Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography |
| title_short | Low Plasma Levels of Soluble Endoglin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography |
| title_sort | low plasma levels of soluble endoglin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing coronary angiography |
| topic | atherosclerosis biomarker cardiovascular events coronary artery disease endoglin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/11/2975 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT emisaita lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography AT yoshimikishimoto lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography AT masayukiaoyama lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography AT reikoohmori lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography AT kazuokondo lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography AT yukihikomomiyama lowplasmalevelsofsolubleendoglinandcardiovasculareventsinpatientsundergoingcoronaryangiography |