Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material
Non-metallic fractions (NMFs) from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) are mostly composed of cured resin and fiber. In this study, NMF material from a PCB was ground into powder and added into matrix asphalt to produce PCB-NMF-modified asphalt. To improve the compatibility of PCB-NMF and asphalt, a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4172 |
| _version_ | 1797484878498889728 |
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| author | Sheng Li Yu Sun Shuo Fang You Huang Huanan Yu Ji Ye |
| author_facet | Sheng Li Yu Sun Shuo Fang You Huang Huanan Yu Ji Ye |
| author_sort | Sheng Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-metallic fractions (NMFs) from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) are mostly composed of cured resin and fiber. In this study, NMF material from a PCB was ground into powder and added into matrix asphalt to produce PCB-NMF-modified asphalt. To improve the compatibility of PCB-NMF and asphalt, a compatibilizer consisting of tung oil and glycerol was also developed. The optimum compatibilizer content was determined to be 8% by weight of the PCB-NMF through a series of laboratory tests, including the softening point, penetration, ductility, and softening point difference (SPD). The micro-mechanism of NMF powder-modified asphalt was analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a scanning electron microscope test (SEM). The performances of PCB-NMF-modified asphalt were evaluated by the dynamic shear rheology (DSR) test and the low-temperature bending beam rheometer (BBR) test. The optimum compatibilizer content was 8% by weight of the NMF powder and the optimum content of NMF powder was determined to be 30% by weight of the asphalt based on a comprehensive evaluation. The results show that PCB-NMF can significantly improve stiffness, rutting resistance, high-temperature stability, and temperature sensitivity of asphalt material at an appropriate content. The BBR tests revealed that PCB-NMF slightly weakened the cracking resistance of asphalt at low temperatures. The SEM test showed that the addition of a compatibilizer can increase the compatibility by making the NMF powder evenly dispersed. The FTIR test results implied that a chemical reaction may not have happened between PCB-NMF, compatibilizer, and the matrix asphalt. Overall, it is a promising and sustainable way to utilize PCB-NMF as a modifier for asphalt material and reduce electronic waste treatment at a low cost. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:11:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84d44ae12a7b4077ab0fd315fc65c200 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:11:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-84d44ae12a7b4077ab0fd315fc65c2002023-11-23T17:43:53ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-06-011512417210.3390/ma15124172Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt MaterialSheng Li0Yu Sun1Shuo Fang2You Huang3Huanan Yu4Ji Ye5Key Laboratory of Special Environment Road Engineering of Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, ChinaSchool of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, ChinaHenan Provincial Communications Planning & Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, ChinaSchool of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, ChinaSchool of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410017, ChinaNon-metallic fractions (NMFs) from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) are mostly composed of cured resin and fiber. In this study, NMF material from a PCB was ground into powder and added into matrix asphalt to produce PCB-NMF-modified asphalt. To improve the compatibility of PCB-NMF and asphalt, a compatibilizer consisting of tung oil and glycerol was also developed. The optimum compatibilizer content was determined to be 8% by weight of the PCB-NMF through a series of laboratory tests, including the softening point, penetration, ductility, and softening point difference (SPD). The micro-mechanism of NMF powder-modified asphalt was analyzed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a scanning electron microscope test (SEM). The performances of PCB-NMF-modified asphalt were evaluated by the dynamic shear rheology (DSR) test and the low-temperature bending beam rheometer (BBR) test. The optimum compatibilizer content was 8% by weight of the NMF powder and the optimum content of NMF powder was determined to be 30% by weight of the asphalt based on a comprehensive evaluation. The results show that PCB-NMF can significantly improve stiffness, rutting resistance, high-temperature stability, and temperature sensitivity of asphalt material at an appropriate content. The BBR tests revealed that PCB-NMF slightly weakened the cracking resistance of asphalt at low temperatures. The SEM test showed that the addition of a compatibilizer can increase the compatibility by making the NMF powder evenly dispersed. The FTIR test results implied that a chemical reaction may not have happened between PCB-NMF, compatibilizer, and the matrix asphalt. Overall, it is a promising and sustainable way to utilize PCB-NMF as a modifier for asphalt material and reduce electronic waste treatment at a low cost.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4172road engineeringrecyclingwaste printed circuit boardasphalt materialrheological propertiesmicro-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Sheng Li Yu Sun Shuo Fang You Huang Huanan Yu Ji Ye Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material Materials road engineering recycling waste printed circuit board asphalt material rheological properties micro-analysis |
| title | Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material |
| title_full | Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material |
| title_fullStr | Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material |
| title_short | Recycling Non-Metallic Powder of Waste Printed Circuit Boards to Improve the Performance of Asphalt Material |
| title_sort | recycling non metallic powder of waste printed circuit boards to improve the performance of asphalt material |
| topic | road engineering recycling waste printed circuit board asphalt material rheological properties micro-analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4172 |
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