Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents
The liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low cost, and scalability. High-intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-d...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/11/1037 |
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| author | Betül Gürünlü Çiğdem Taşdelen-Yücedağ Mahmut Bayramoğlu |
| author_facet | Betül Gürünlü Çiğdem Taşdelen-Yücedağ Mahmut Bayramoğlu |
| author_sort | Betül Gürünlü |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low cost, and scalability. High-intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and perchloric acid (PA) without adding any surfactants or ionic liquids. The crystal structure, number of layers, particle size, and morphology of the synthesized graphene samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and AFM analyses indicated that G-DMSO and G-DMF have few layers while G-PA has multilayers. The layer numbers of G-DMSO, G-DMF, and G-PA were determined as 9, 10, and 21, respectively. By DLS analysis, the particle sizes, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of graphene samples were estimated in a few micrometers. TEM analyses showed that G-DMSO and G-DMF possess sheet-like fewer layers and also, G-PA has wrinkled and unordered multilayers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:50:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84d630122725471abf507876cf6a48ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:50:56Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-84d630122725471abf507876cf6a48ac2023-11-20T20:59:01ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522020-11-011011103710.3390/cryst10111037Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various SolventsBetül Gürünlü0Çiğdem Taşdelen-Yücedağ1Mahmut Bayramoğlu2Institute of Nanotechnology, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, TurkeyChemical Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, TurkeyChemical Engineering Department, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, TurkeyThe liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) method has been gaining increasing interest by academic and industrial researchers due to its simplicity, low cost, and scalability. High-intensity ultrasound energy was exploited to transform graphite to graphene in the solvents of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), and perchloric acid (PA) without adding any surfactants or ionic liquids. The crystal structure, number of layers, particle size, and morphology of the synthesized graphene samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and AFM analyses indicated that G-DMSO and G-DMF have few layers while G-PA has multilayers. The layer numbers of G-DMSO, G-DMF, and G-PA were determined as 9, 10, and 21, respectively. By DLS analysis, the particle sizes, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of graphene samples were estimated in a few micrometers. TEM analyses showed that G-DMSO and G-DMF possess sheet-like fewer layers and also, G-PA has wrinkled and unordered multilayers.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/11/1037ultrasoundliquid-phase exfoliationgraphene synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Betül Gürünlü Çiğdem Taşdelen-Yücedağ Mahmut Bayramoğlu Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents Crystals ultrasound liquid-phase exfoliation graphene synthesis |
| title | Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents |
| title_full | Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents |
| title_fullStr | Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents |
| title_short | Graphene Synthesis by Ultrasound Energy-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite in Various Solvents |
| title_sort | graphene synthesis by ultrasound energy assisted exfoliation of graphite in various solvents |
| topic | ultrasound liquid-phase exfoliation graphene synthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/11/1037 |
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