Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine
A new synthetic urine was adopted in this work to study the nucleation kinetics of calcium oxalate using a batch crystallizer for various supersaturations at 37 °C. In the studied new synthetic urine, three additional components (urea, uric acid and creatinine) within the normal physiological ranges...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/4/333 |
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| author | Yu-Chao Hsu Yi-Hsuan Lin Lie-Ding Shiau |
| author_facet | Yu-Chao Hsu Yi-Hsuan Lin Lie-Ding Shiau |
| author_sort | Yu-Chao Hsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new synthetic urine was adopted in this work to study the nucleation kinetics of calcium oxalate using a batch crystallizer for various supersaturations at 37 °C. In the studied new synthetic urine, three additional components (urea, uric acid and creatinine) within the normal physiological ranges were added to the commonly-used synthetic urine to simulate human urine more closely. The interfacial energy for the nucleation of calcium oxalate was determined based on classical nucleation theory using the turbidity induction time measurements. The effects of various inhibitors, including magnesium, citrate, hydroxycitrate, chondroitin sulfate, and phytate, on the nucleation of calcium oxalate were investigated in detail. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the influences of these inhibitors on the preferential nucleation of the different hydrates of calcium oxalate crystals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:16:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-84e83025f5af43fbaac2d6c8cc149ae1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:16:29Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-84e83025f5af43fbaac2d6c8cc149ae12023-11-19T22:31:23ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522020-04-0110433310.3390/cryst10040333Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic UrineYu-Chao Hsu0Yi-Hsuan Lin1Lie-Ding Shiau2Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, Taoyuan 333, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, TaiwanDepartment of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou, Taoyuan 333, TaiwanA new synthetic urine was adopted in this work to study the nucleation kinetics of calcium oxalate using a batch crystallizer for various supersaturations at 37 °C. In the studied new synthetic urine, three additional components (urea, uric acid and creatinine) within the normal physiological ranges were added to the commonly-used synthetic urine to simulate human urine more closely. The interfacial energy for the nucleation of calcium oxalate was determined based on classical nucleation theory using the turbidity induction time measurements. The effects of various inhibitors, including magnesium, citrate, hydroxycitrate, chondroitin sulfate, and phytate, on the nucleation of calcium oxalate were investigated in detail. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the influences of these inhibitors on the preferential nucleation of the different hydrates of calcium oxalate crystals.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/4/333kidney stonecalcium oxalatecrystallizationnucleationinhibitioninterfacial energy |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Chao Hsu Yi-Hsuan Lin Lie-Ding Shiau Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine Crystals kidney stone calcium oxalate crystallization nucleation inhibition interfacial energy |
| title | Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine |
| title_full | Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine |
| title_short | Effects of Various Inhibitors on the Nucleation of Calcium Oxalate in Synthetic Urine |
| title_sort | effects of various inhibitors on the nucleation of calcium oxalate in synthetic urine |
| topic | kidney stone calcium oxalate crystallization nucleation inhibition interfacial energy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/4/333 |
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