Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India
Background and Objectives: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic mycosis, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the most fatal opportunistic infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of crypt...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3575 |
| _version_ | 1798029111581474816 |
|---|---|
| author | Anitha Madhavan Arun Sachu Abel Samuel Jayalakshmi Vasudevapanicker |
| author_facet | Anitha Madhavan Arun Sachu Abel Samuel Jayalakshmi Vasudevapanicker |
| author_sort | Anitha Madhavan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background and Objectives: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic mycosis, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the most fatal opportunistic infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in people living with HIV (PLHA) and also to find the prevalence of opportunistic infections among these patients.
Materials and Methods: A total of 204 non duplicate samples were collected from people with HIV aged above 18 years. Samples with CD4 count less than 300 were included in the study. Cryptococcal antigen detection was done by CrAg Lateral flow assay.
Results: None of the patients in our study were positive for cryptococcal antigen. Opportunistic infections were observed in 82 (40.2%) HIV positive patients. Candidiasis, tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia were the most common opportunistic infections.
Conclusion: This is the first study from the southern state of Kerala on the prevalence of Cryptococcal antigenemia among HIV positive individuals. The study showed that routine screening for cryptococcal antigen will not be cost effective in our population. Similar to other studies, eventhough candidiasis, tuberculosis and PCP were more commonly seen among people with CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3, there was no statistically significant association.
|
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:19:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8503857e48b745c884944becd69b843e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-3289 2008-4447 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:19:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8503857e48b745c884944becd69b843e2022-12-22T04:07:21ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472022-10-01145Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South IndiaAnitha Madhavan0Arun Sachu1Abel Samuel2Jayalakshmi Vasudevapanicker3Department of Microbiology, Government TD Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Believers Church Medical College, Thiruvalla, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Believers Church Medical College, Thiruvalla, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Government TD Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India Background and Objectives: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic mycosis, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. Cryptococcal meningitis is one of the most fatal opportunistic infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia in people living with HIV (PLHA) and also to find the prevalence of opportunistic infections among these patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 204 non duplicate samples were collected from people with HIV aged above 18 years. Samples with CD4 count less than 300 were included in the study. Cryptococcal antigen detection was done by CrAg Lateral flow assay. Results: None of the patients in our study were positive for cryptococcal antigen. Opportunistic infections were observed in 82 (40.2%) HIV positive patients. Candidiasis, tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia were the most common opportunistic infections. Conclusion: This is the first study from the southern state of Kerala on the prevalence of Cryptococcal antigenemia among HIV positive individuals. The study showed that routine screening for cryptococcal antigen will not be cost effective in our population. Similar to other studies, eventhough candidiasis, tuberculosis and PCP were more commonly seen among people with CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3, there was no statistically significant association. https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3575Cryptococcosis;Toxoplasmosis;Opportunistic infections;Tuberculosis;Candidiasis |
| spellingShingle | Anitha Madhavan Arun Sachu Abel Samuel Jayalakshmi Vasudevapanicker Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India Iranian Journal of Microbiology Cryptococcosis; Toxoplasmosis; Opportunistic infections; Tuberculosis; Candidiasis |
| title | Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India |
| title_full | Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India |
| title_fullStr | Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India |
| title_short | Cryptococcal antigen prevalence in HIV patients from a tertiary care centre in South India |
| title_sort | cryptococcal antigen prevalence in hiv patients from a tertiary care centre in south india |
| topic | Cryptococcosis; Toxoplasmosis; Opportunistic infections; Tuberculosis; Candidiasis |
| url | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/3575 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anithamadhavan cryptococcalantigenprevalenceinhivpatientsfromatertiarycarecentreinsouthindia AT arunsachu cryptococcalantigenprevalenceinhivpatientsfromatertiarycarecentreinsouthindia AT abelsamuel cryptococcalantigenprevalenceinhivpatientsfromatertiarycarecentreinsouthindia AT jayalakshmivasudevapanicker cryptococcalantigenprevalenceinhivpatientsfromatertiarycarecentreinsouthindia |