Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology
The acceleration of large-scale sequencing and the progress in high-throughput computational analyses, defined as omics, was a hallmark for the comprehension of the biological processes in human health and diseases. In cancerology, the omics approach, initiated by genomics and transcriptomics studie...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743/full |
| _version_ | 1811241959174438912 |
|---|---|
| author | Virgile Raufaste-Cazavieille Raoul Santiago Raoul Santiago Arnaud Droit |
| author_facet | Virgile Raufaste-Cazavieille Raoul Santiago Raoul Santiago Arnaud Droit |
| author_sort | Virgile Raufaste-Cazavieille |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The acceleration of large-scale sequencing and the progress in high-throughput computational analyses, defined as omics, was a hallmark for the comprehension of the biological processes in human health and diseases. In cancerology, the omics approach, initiated by genomics and transcriptomics studies, has revealed an incredible complexity with unsuspected molecular diversity within a same tumor type as well as spatial and temporal heterogeneity of tumors. The integration of multiple biological layers of omics studies brought oncology to a new paradigm, from tumor site classification to pan-cancer molecular classification, offering new therapeutic opportunities for precision medicine. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations for multi-omics integration in oncology and summarize the largest multi-omics dataset available for adult and pediatric cancers. We will present multi-omics techniques for characterizing cancer biology and show how multi-omics data can be combined with clinical data for the identification of prognostic and treatment-specific biomarkers, opening the way to personalized therapy. To conclude, we will detail the newest strategies for dissecting the tumor immune environment and host–tumor interaction. We will explore the advances in immunomics and microbiomics for biomarker identification to guide therapeutic decision in immuno-oncology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:43:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8515611553fe4068a9d83e70e46d6ef7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:43:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-8515611553fe4068a9d83e70e46d6ef72022-12-22T03:30:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2022-10-01910.3389/fmolb.2022.962743962743Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncologyVirgile Raufaste-Cazavieille0Raoul Santiago1Raoul Santiago2Arnaud Droit3CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CanadaCHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CanadaDivision of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de L’Université Laval, Charles Bruneau Cancer Center, Québec, QC, CanadaCHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CanadaThe acceleration of large-scale sequencing and the progress in high-throughput computational analyses, defined as omics, was a hallmark for the comprehension of the biological processes in human health and diseases. In cancerology, the omics approach, initiated by genomics and transcriptomics studies, has revealed an incredible complexity with unsuspected molecular diversity within a same tumor type as well as spatial and temporal heterogeneity of tumors. The integration of multiple biological layers of omics studies brought oncology to a new paradigm, from tumor site classification to pan-cancer molecular classification, offering new therapeutic opportunities for precision medicine. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations for multi-omics integration in oncology and summarize the largest multi-omics dataset available for adult and pediatric cancers. We will present multi-omics techniques for characterizing cancer biology and show how multi-omics data can be combined with clinical data for the identification of prognostic and treatment-specific biomarkers, opening the way to personalized therapy. To conclude, we will detail the newest strategies for dissecting the tumor immune environment and host–tumor interaction. We will explore the advances in immunomics and microbiomics for biomarker identification to guide therapeutic decision in immuno-oncology.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743/fullmulti-omicsmachine learningimmunologyimmunomicsmicrobiomecancer |
| spellingShingle | Virgile Raufaste-Cazavieille Raoul Santiago Raoul Santiago Arnaud Droit Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences multi-omics machine learning immunology immunomics microbiome cancer |
| title | Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology |
| title_full | Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology |
| title_fullStr | Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology |
| title_short | Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology |
| title_sort | multi omics analysis paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno oncology |
| topic | multi-omics machine learning immunology immunomics microbiome cancer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT virgileraufastecazavieille multiomicsanalysispavingthepathtowardachievingprecisionmedicineincancertreatmentandimmunooncology AT raoulsantiago multiomicsanalysispavingthepathtowardachievingprecisionmedicineincancertreatmentandimmunooncology AT raoulsantiago multiomicsanalysispavingthepathtowardachievingprecisionmedicineincancertreatmentandimmunooncology AT arnauddroit multiomicsanalysispavingthepathtowardachievingprecisionmedicineincancertreatmentandimmunooncology |