Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design
Western-style pork products have attracted many modern urban consumers, and these products have rapidly entered the Chinese market. The current hazard analysis of processed meat products mainly focuses on processing hazards (PAHs, microorganisms, and food additives), with less attention to veterinar...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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Series: | Molecules |
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author | Xiaoxuan Yu Xingqiang Wu Yujie Xie Kaixuan Tong Minglin Wang Jianhui Li Chunlin Fan Hui Chen |
author_facet | Xiaoxuan Yu Xingqiang Wu Yujie Xie Kaixuan Tong Minglin Wang Jianhui Li Chunlin Fan Hui Chen |
author_sort | Xiaoxuan Yu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Western-style pork products have attracted many modern urban consumers, and these products have rapidly entered the Chinese market. The current hazard analysis of processed meat products mainly focuses on processing hazards (PAHs, microorganisms, and food additives), with less attention to veterinary drug residues. According to the survey results, the residues of antimicrobial drugs (sulfonamides and quinolones) in pork and its products in China are a severe problem, which may cause metabolic reactions, toxic effects, or enhance drug resistance. This study applied a modified QuEChERS method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MSMS) to develop a rapid and sensitive method for determining antimicrobial drugs in bacon and ham was successfully evaluated methodologically by EU 2002/657/EC. This study used a three-level, three-factor Box–Behnken design (BBD) to optimize the QuEChERS method by response surface methodology. The excellent linearity of the calibration curve was shown in the corresponding concentration range with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.99. The values of decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were in the range of 10.9–31.3 μg/kg and 11.8–52.5 μg/kg, respectively. The method successfully detected two trace levels of antimicrobial drugs in commercially available samples, including sulfadiazine and moxifloxacin. |
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issn | 1420-3049 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:39:45Z |
publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
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series | Molecules |
spelling | doaj.art-8527636729f44b33af7e0618653f3c8c2023-11-24T11:39:40ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-11-012723828310.3390/molecules27238283Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental DesignXiaoxuan Yu0Xingqiang Wu1Yujie Xie2Kaixuan Tong3Minglin Wang4Jianhui Li5Chunlin Fan6Hui Chen7Chinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaChinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaChinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaChinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaWaters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing 101102, ChinaChinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaChinese Academy of Inspection & Quarantine, No. 11, Ronghua South Road, Beijing 100176, ChinaWestern-style pork products have attracted many modern urban consumers, and these products have rapidly entered the Chinese market. The current hazard analysis of processed meat products mainly focuses on processing hazards (PAHs, microorganisms, and food additives), with less attention to veterinary drug residues. According to the survey results, the residues of antimicrobial drugs (sulfonamides and quinolones) in pork and its products in China are a severe problem, which may cause metabolic reactions, toxic effects, or enhance drug resistance. This study applied a modified QuEChERS method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MSMS) to develop a rapid and sensitive method for determining antimicrobial drugs in bacon and ham was successfully evaluated methodologically by EU 2002/657/EC. This study used a three-level, three-factor Box–Behnken design (BBD) to optimize the QuEChERS method by response surface methodology. The excellent linearity of the calibration curve was shown in the corresponding concentration range with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.99. The values of decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were in the range of 10.9–31.3 μg/kg and 11.8–52.5 μg/kg, respectively. The method successfully detected two trace levels of antimicrobial drugs in commercially available samples, including sulfadiazine and moxifloxacin.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/23/8283bacon and hamantimicrobialQuEChERSBox–Behnken designUPLC-MS/MS |
spellingShingle | Xiaoxuan Yu Xingqiang Wu Yujie Xie Kaixuan Tong Minglin Wang Jianhui Li Chunlin Fan Hui Chen Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design Molecules bacon and ham antimicrobial QuEChERS Box–Behnken design UPLC-MS/MS |
title | Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design |
title_full | Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design |
title_fullStr | Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design |
title_full_unstemmed | Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design |
title_short | Development and Validation of a Method for Determination of 43 Antimicrobial Drugs in Western-Style Pork Products by UPLC-MS/MS with the Aid of Experimental Design |
title_sort | development and validation of a method for determination of 43 antimicrobial drugs in western style pork products by uplc ms ms with the aid of experimental design |
topic | bacon and ham antimicrobial QuEChERS Box–Behnken design UPLC-MS/MS |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/23/8283 |
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