Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron
Soluble sugars and organic acids are the most abundant components in ripe fruits, and they play critical roles in the development of fruit flavor and taste. Some loquat cultivars have high acid content which seriously affect the quality of fruit and reduce the value of commodity. Consequently, study...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.1039360/full |
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| author | Muhammad Moaaz Ali Muhammad Moaaz Ali Raheel Anwar Rana Naveed Ur Rehman Shaghef Ejaz Sajid Ali Ahmed F. Yousef Sezai Ercisli Xiaobo Hu Xiaobo Hu Youming Hou Faxing Chen Faxing Chen |
| author_facet | Muhammad Moaaz Ali Muhammad Moaaz Ali Raheel Anwar Rana Naveed Ur Rehman Shaghef Ejaz Sajid Ali Ahmed F. Yousef Sezai Ercisli Xiaobo Hu Xiaobo Hu Youming Hou Faxing Chen Faxing Chen |
| author_sort | Muhammad Moaaz Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soluble sugars and organic acids are the most abundant components in ripe fruits, and they play critical roles in the development of fruit flavor and taste. Some loquat cultivars have high acid content which seriously affect the quality of fruit and reduce the value of commodity. Consequently, studying the physiological mechanism of sugar-acid metabolism in loquat can clarify the mechanism of their formation, accumulation and degradation in the fruit. Minerals application has been reported as a promising way to improve sugar-acid balance of the fruits. In this study, loquat trees were foliar sprayed with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% borax, and changes in soluble sugars and organic acids were recorded. The contents of soluble sugars and organic acids were determined using HPLC-RID and UPLC-MS, respectively. The activities of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of sugars and acids were quantified and expressions of related genes were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that 0.2% borax was a promising treatment among other B applications for the increased levels of soluble sugars and decreased acid contents in loquats. Correlation analysis showed that the enzymes i.e., SPS, SS, FK, and HK were may be involved in the regulation of fructose and glucose metabolism in the fruit pulp of loquat. While the activity of NADP-ME showed negative and NAD-MDH showed a positive correlation with malic acid content. Meanwhile, EjSPS1, EjSPS3, EjSS3, EjHK1, EjHK3, EjFK1, EjFK2, EjFK5, and EjFK6 may play an important role in soluble sugars metabolism in fruit pulp of loquat. Similarly, EjPEPC2, EjPEPC3, EjNAD-ME1, EjNAD-MDH1, EjNAD-MDH5-8, EjNAD-MDH10, and EjNAD-MDH13 may have a vital contribution to malic acid biosynthesis in loquat fruits. This study provides new insights for future elucidation of key mechanisms regulating soluble sugars and malic acid biosynthesis in loquats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:54:13Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:54:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-8532020e84124bc59616d112525df0962022-12-22T04:08:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-10-011310.3389/fpls.2022.10393601039360Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boronMuhammad Moaaz Ali0Muhammad Moaaz Ali1Raheel Anwar2Rana Naveed Ur Rehman3Shaghef Ejaz4Sajid Ali5Ahmed F. Yousef6Sezai Ercisli7Xiaobo Hu8Xiaobo Hu9Youming Hou10Faxing Chen11Faxing Chen12State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Food and Crop Science, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, PakistanDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, EgyptDepartment of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, TurkeyState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaInstitute of Subtropical Fruits, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, ChinaSoluble sugars and organic acids are the most abundant components in ripe fruits, and they play critical roles in the development of fruit flavor and taste. Some loquat cultivars have high acid content which seriously affect the quality of fruit and reduce the value of commodity. Consequently, studying the physiological mechanism of sugar-acid metabolism in loquat can clarify the mechanism of their formation, accumulation and degradation in the fruit. Minerals application has been reported as a promising way to improve sugar-acid balance of the fruits. In this study, loquat trees were foliar sprayed with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% borax, and changes in soluble sugars and organic acids were recorded. The contents of soluble sugars and organic acids were determined using HPLC-RID and UPLC-MS, respectively. The activities of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of sugars and acids were quantified and expressions of related genes were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that 0.2% borax was a promising treatment among other B applications for the increased levels of soluble sugars and decreased acid contents in loquats. Correlation analysis showed that the enzymes i.e., SPS, SS, FK, and HK were may be involved in the regulation of fructose and glucose metabolism in the fruit pulp of loquat. While the activity of NADP-ME showed negative and NAD-MDH showed a positive correlation with malic acid content. Meanwhile, EjSPS1, EjSPS3, EjSS3, EjHK1, EjHK3, EjFK1, EjFK2, EjFK5, and EjFK6 may play an important role in soluble sugars metabolism in fruit pulp of loquat. Similarly, EjPEPC2, EjPEPC3, EjNAD-ME1, EjNAD-MDH1, EjNAD-MDH5-8, EjNAD-MDH10, and EjNAD-MDH13 may have a vital contribution to malic acid biosynthesis in loquat fruits. This study provides new insights for future elucidation of key mechanisms regulating soluble sugars and malic acid biosynthesis in loquats.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.1039360/fullmalic acidPEPCfruit qualitymalate dehydrogenaseboraxfructokinase |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Moaaz Ali Muhammad Moaaz Ali Raheel Anwar Rana Naveed Ur Rehman Shaghef Ejaz Sajid Ali Ahmed F. Yousef Sezai Ercisli Xiaobo Hu Xiaobo Hu Youming Hou Faxing Chen Faxing Chen Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron Frontiers in Plant Science malic acid PEPC fruit quality malate dehydrogenase borax fructokinase |
| title | Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| title_full | Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| title_fullStr | Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| title_short | Sugar and acid profile of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism-related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| title_sort | sugar and acid profile of loquat eriobotrya japonica lindl enzymes assay and expression profiling of their metabolism related genes as influenced by exogenously applied boron |
| topic | malic acid PEPC fruit quality malate dehydrogenase borax fructokinase |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.1039360/full |
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