Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Background Sex differences in the trends for control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been described, but temporal trends in the age at which CVD and its risk factors are diagnosed and sex‐specific differences in these trends are unknown. Methods and Results We used the Medical Expe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.018764 |
| _version_ | 1819178083519823872 |
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| author | Victor Okunrintemi Martin Tibuakuu Salim S. Virani Laurence S. Sperling Annabelle Santos Volgman Martha Gulati Leslie Cho Thorsten M. Leucker Roger S. Blumenthal Erin D. Michos |
| author_facet | Victor Okunrintemi Martin Tibuakuu Salim S. Virani Laurence S. Sperling Annabelle Santos Volgman Martha Gulati Leslie Cho Thorsten M. Leucker Roger S. Blumenthal Erin D. Michos |
| author_sort | Victor Okunrintemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Sex differences in the trends for control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been described, but temporal trends in the age at which CVD and its risk factors are diagnosed and sex‐specific differences in these trends are unknown. Methods and Results We used the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2008 to 2017, a nationally representative sample of the US population. Individuals ≥18 years, with a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, or stroke, and who reported the age when these conditions were diagnosed, were included. We included 100 709 participants (50.2% women), representing 91.9 million US adults with above conditions. For coronary heart disease and hypercholesterolemia, mean age at diagnosis was 1.06 and 0.92 years older for women, compared with men, respectively (both P<0.001). For stroke, mean age at diagnosis for women was 1.20 years younger than men (P<0.001). The mean age at diagnosis of CVD risk factors became younger over time, with steeper declines among women (annual decrease, hypercholesterolemia [women, 0.31 years; men 0.24 years] and hypertension [women, 0.23 years; men, 0.20 years]; P<0.001). Coronary heart disease was not statistically significant. For stroke, while age at diagnosis decreased by 0.19 years annually for women (P=0.03), it increased by 0.22 years for men (P=0.02). Conclusions The trend in decreasing age at diagnosis for CVD and its risk factors in the United States appears to be more pronounced among women. While earlier identification of CVD risk factors may provide opportunity to initiate preventive treatment, younger age at diagnosis of CVD highlights the need for the prevention of CVD earlier in life, and sex‐specific interventions may be needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:36:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-853d53a0c326423381a5131efdb83915 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:36:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-853d53a0c326423381a5131efdb839152022-12-21T18:11:44ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802020-12-0192410.1161/JAHA.120.018764Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel SurveyVictor Okunrintemi0Martin Tibuakuu1Salim S. Virani2Laurence S. Sperling3Annabelle Santos Volgman4Martha Gulati5Leslie Cho6Thorsten M. Leucker7Roger S. Blumenthal8Erin D. Michos9Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NCCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MDDivision of Cardiology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TXDivision of Cardiology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GASection of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Rush University Chicago ILDivision of Cardiology University of Arizona School of Medicine Phoenix AZDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OHCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MDCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MDCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MDBackground Sex differences in the trends for control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been described, but temporal trends in the age at which CVD and its risk factors are diagnosed and sex‐specific differences in these trends are unknown. Methods and Results We used the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2008 to 2017, a nationally representative sample of the US population. Individuals ≥18 years, with a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, or stroke, and who reported the age when these conditions were diagnosed, were included. We included 100 709 participants (50.2% women), representing 91.9 million US adults with above conditions. For coronary heart disease and hypercholesterolemia, mean age at diagnosis was 1.06 and 0.92 years older for women, compared with men, respectively (both P<0.001). For stroke, mean age at diagnosis for women was 1.20 years younger than men (P<0.001). The mean age at diagnosis of CVD risk factors became younger over time, with steeper declines among women (annual decrease, hypercholesterolemia [women, 0.31 years; men 0.24 years] and hypertension [women, 0.23 years; men, 0.20 years]; P<0.001). Coronary heart disease was not statistically significant. For stroke, while age at diagnosis decreased by 0.19 years annually for women (P=0.03), it increased by 0.22 years for men (P=0.02). Conclusions The trend in decreasing age at diagnosis for CVD and its risk factors in the United States appears to be more pronounced among women. While earlier identification of CVD risk factors may provide opportunity to initiate preventive treatment, younger age at diagnosis of CVD highlights the need for the prevention of CVD earlier in life, and sex‐specific interventions may be needed.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.018764age of diagnosiscardiovascular diseaserisk factorssex differences |
| spellingShingle | Victor Okunrintemi Martin Tibuakuu Salim S. Virani Laurence S. Sperling Annabelle Santos Volgman Martha Gulati Leslie Cho Thorsten M. Leucker Roger S. Blumenthal Erin D. Michos Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease age of diagnosis cardiovascular disease risk factors sex differences |
| title | Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey |
| title_full | Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey |
| title_fullStr | Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey |
| title_short | Sex Differences in the Age of Diagnosis for Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors Among US Adults: Trends From 2008 to 2017, the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey |
| title_sort | sex differences in the age of diagnosis for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among us adults trends from 2008 to 2017 the medical expenditure panel survey |
| topic | age of diagnosis cardiovascular disease risk factors sex differences |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.018764 |
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