Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety
Background: There is a bidirectional relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and anxiety, but few studies have examined the gender- and age-specific effects of visit-to-visit BPV on incident anxiety. We examined the predictive value of BPV for the incidence of anxiety in a family clini...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.650852/full |
| _version_ | 1831543241066938368 |
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| author | Jiandong Zhou Sharen Lee Wing Tak Wong Keith Sai Kit Leung Ronald Hang Kin Nam Prudence Shun Hay Leung Yau-Lam Alex Chau Tong Liu Carlin Chang Bernard Man Yung Cheung Gary Tse Gary Tse Qingpeng Zhang |
| author_facet | Jiandong Zhou Sharen Lee Wing Tak Wong Keith Sai Kit Leung Ronald Hang Kin Nam Prudence Shun Hay Leung Yau-Lam Alex Chau Tong Liu Carlin Chang Bernard Man Yung Cheung Gary Tse Gary Tse Qingpeng Zhang |
| author_sort | Jiandong Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: There is a bidirectional relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and anxiety, but few studies have examined the gender- and age-specific effects of visit-to-visit BPV on incident anxiety. We examined the predictive value of BPV for the incidence of anxiety in a family clinic cohort.Methods: Consecutive patients with a first attendance to family medicine clinics in Hong Kong between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2002, with at least three blood pressure measurements available thereafter were included. The primary endpoint was incident anxiety as identified by ICD-9 coding.Results: This study included 48,023 (50% males) patients with a median follow-up of 224 [interquartile range (IQR): 217–229] months. Females were more likely to develop incident anxiety compared to males (incidence rate: 7 vs. 2%), as were patients of older age. Significant univariate predictors were female gender, older age, preexisting cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and gastrointestinal diseases, various laboratory examinations, and the number of blood pressure measurements. Higher baseline, maximum, minimum, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and variability score of diastolic blood pressure significantly predicted incident anxiety, as did all systolic blood pressure measures [baseline, latest, maximum, minimum, mean, median, variance, SD, root mean square (RMS), CV, and variability score].Conclusions: The relationships between longer-term visit-to-visit BPV and incident anxiety were identified. Female and older patients with higher blood pressure and higher BPV were at the highest risks of incident anxiety. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:48:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-853dd7464d354a41970058c01923efa0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:48:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-853dd7464d354a41970058c01923efa02022-12-21T22:09:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2021-05-01810.3389/fcvm.2021.650852650852Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With AnxietyJiandong Zhou0Sharen Lee1Wing Tak Wong2Keith Sai Kit Leung3Ronald Hang Kin Nam4Prudence Shun Hay Leung5Yau-Lam Alex Chau6Tong Liu7Carlin Chang8Bernard Man Yung Cheung9Gary Tse10Gary Tse11Qingpeng Zhang12School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaCardiovascular Analytics Group, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United KingdomAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United KingdomAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, United KingdomFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaTianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaCardiovascular Analytics Group, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Hong Kong, ChinaTianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaSchool of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaBackground: There is a bidirectional relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and anxiety, but few studies have examined the gender- and age-specific effects of visit-to-visit BPV on incident anxiety. We examined the predictive value of BPV for the incidence of anxiety in a family clinic cohort.Methods: Consecutive patients with a first attendance to family medicine clinics in Hong Kong between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2002, with at least three blood pressure measurements available thereafter were included. The primary endpoint was incident anxiety as identified by ICD-9 coding.Results: This study included 48,023 (50% males) patients with a median follow-up of 224 [interquartile range (IQR): 217–229] months. Females were more likely to develop incident anxiety compared to males (incidence rate: 7 vs. 2%), as were patients of older age. Significant univariate predictors were female gender, older age, preexisting cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and gastrointestinal diseases, various laboratory examinations, and the number of blood pressure measurements. Higher baseline, maximum, minimum, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and variability score of diastolic blood pressure significantly predicted incident anxiety, as did all systolic blood pressure measures [baseline, latest, maximum, minimum, mean, median, variance, SD, root mean square (RMS), CV, and variability score].Conclusions: The relationships between longer-term visit-to-visit BPV and incident anxiety were identified. Female and older patients with higher blood pressure and higher BPV were at the highest risks of incident anxiety.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.650852/fullblood pressure variabilitygeneralized anxiety disorderrisk predictionvisit-to-visit blood pressure variabilityanxiety |
| spellingShingle | Jiandong Zhou Sharen Lee Wing Tak Wong Keith Sai Kit Leung Ronald Hang Kin Nam Prudence Shun Hay Leung Yau-Lam Alex Chau Tong Liu Carlin Chang Bernard Man Yung Cheung Gary Tse Gary Tse Qingpeng Zhang Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine blood pressure variability generalized anxiety disorder risk prediction visit-to-visit blood pressure variability anxiety |
| title | Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety |
| title_full | Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety |
| title_fullStr | Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety |
| title_short | Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety |
| title_sort | gender and age specific associations of visit to visit blood pressure variability with anxiety |
| topic | blood pressure variability generalized anxiety disorder risk prediction visit-to-visit blood pressure variability anxiety |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.650852/full |
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