Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks
The principle of minimum work (PMW) is a parametric optimization model for the growth and adaptation of arterial trees. A balance between energy dissipation due to frictional resistance of laminar flow (shear stress) and the minimum volume of the blood and vessel wall tissue is achieved when the ves...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO)
1995-06-01
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| Series: | Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1995000200028&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1828838298179600384 |
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| author | Sandro Rossitti |
| author_facet | Sandro Rossitti |
| author_sort | Sandro Rossitti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The principle of minimum work (PMW) is a parametric optimization model for the growth and adaptation of arterial trees. A balance between energy dissipation due to frictional resistance of laminar flow (shear stress) and the minimum volume of the blood and vessel wall tissue is achieved when the vessel radii are adjusted to the cube root of the volumetric flow. The PMW is known to apply over several magnitudes of vessel calibers, and in many different organs, including the brain, in humans and in animals. Animal studies suggest that blood flow in arteries is approximately proportional to the cube of the vessel radius, and that arteries alter their caliber in response to sustained changes of blood flow according to PMW. Remodelling of the retinal arteriolar network to long-term changes in blood flow was observed in humans. Remodelling of whole arterial networks occurs in the form of increase or diminishing of vessel calibers. Shear stress induced endothelial mediation seems to be the regulating mechanism for the maintenance of this optimum blood flow/vessel diameter relation. Arterial trees are also expected to be nearly space filing. The vascular system is constructed in such a way that, while blood vessels occupy only a small percentage of the body volume leaving the bulk to tissue, they also crisscross organs so tightly that every point in the tissue lies on the boundary between an artery and a vein. This review describes how the energetic optimum principle for least energy cost for blood flow is also compatible with the spatial constraints of arterial networks according to concepts derived from fractal geometry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:58:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8544b545f12b44d199b363d9e8cb43ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-4227 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:58:31Z |
| publishDate | 1995-06-01 |
| publisher | Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria |
| spelling | doaj.art-8544b545f12b44d199b363d9e8cb43ae2022-12-22T00:15:09ZengAcademia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO)Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria1678-42271995-06-0153233334110.1590/S0004-282X1995000200028S0004-282X1995000200028Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networksSandro Rossitti0Göteborg UniversityThe principle of minimum work (PMW) is a parametric optimization model for the growth and adaptation of arterial trees. A balance between energy dissipation due to frictional resistance of laminar flow (shear stress) and the minimum volume of the blood and vessel wall tissue is achieved when the vessel radii are adjusted to the cube root of the volumetric flow. The PMW is known to apply over several magnitudes of vessel calibers, and in many different organs, including the brain, in humans and in animals. Animal studies suggest that blood flow in arteries is approximately proportional to the cube of the vessel radius, and that arteries alter their caliber in response to sustained changes of blood flow according to PMW. Remodelling of the retinal arteriolar network to long-term changes in blood flow was observed in humans. Remodelling of whole arterial networks occurs in the form of increase or diminishing of vessel calibers. Shear stress induced endothelial mediation seems to be the regulating mechanism for the maintenance of this optimum blood flow/vessel diameter relation. Arterial trees are also expected to be nearly space filing. The vascular system is constructed in such a way that, while blood vessels occupy only a small percentage of the body volume leaving the bulk to tissue, they also crisscross organs so tightly that every point in the tissue lies on the boundary between an artery and a vein. This review describes how the energetic optimum principle for least energy cost for blood flow is also compatible with the spatial constraints of arterial networks according to concepts derived from fractal geometry.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1995000200028&lng=en&tlng=enartérias cerebraisartérias retinianasfluxo sangüíneogeometria fractalhemodinâmicamecanismos de controlevasodilataçãovasos sangüíneos |
| spellingShingle | Sandro Rossitti Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria artérias cerebrais artérias retinianas fluxo sangüíneo geometria fractal hemodinâmica mecanismos de controle vasodilatação vasos sangüíneos |
| title | Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| title_full | Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| title_fullStr | Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| title_short | Energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| title_sort | energetic and spatial constraints of arterial networks |
| topic | artérias cerebrais artérias retinianas fluxo sangüíneo geometria fractal hemodinâmica mecanismos de controle vasodilatação vasos sangüíneos |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1995000200028&lng=en&tlng=en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sandrorossitti energeticandspatialconstraintsofarterialnetworks |